Issue 2015
No. 2
(43)
NATIONAL HISTORY
Pigarev Yevgeniy M.
14-18
333
This article discusses the history of the study and research materials of the Golden Hord settlement "Stone hill", located on the eastern outskirts of the capital of Jochi Ulus the city of Saray (Saray al-Mahrous, Saray al-Jadid, Selitrennoe). The experts in the field of numismatics suppose that app...eared on the Mount of Stone in the first third of the XV century, the capital city of the satellite produced coinage of silver, calling it a mint of Ile Ui Muazzam (Highest Home Countries). In addition, this paper shows the results of new survey methodology archaeological sites through the use of modern technologies for remote sensing of the Earth. Image analysis on satellite images made it possible to identify a number of anthropogenic anomalies having different-creation date. Archaeological excavations with the purpose of verification of remote sensing data, found within the boundaries of one of the anomalous zones remains of a medieval architectural structure. Discovered during excavations fragments of pottery and architectural decoration, confidently dated excavated object as the epoch of the Golden Horde.
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Imasheva Marina M.
18-24
355
The article, based on archival sources and periodicals describes the business and social activities of two generations Astrakhan first Guild merchants Useynov. Within a few decades of the nineteenth century Useynoves, thanks to successful trading operations in the Caspian Sea, managed to put togethe...r quite a large state, to acquire a substantial property in Astrakhan, join parvoviridae merchants. But not only commercial success glorified merchants Useynoves. In the second half of XIX - early of XX century aji Ali Akber Useynov was in Astrakhan one of the most prominent philanthropists and community leaders that have earned recognition from the authorities of the Russian Empire. or a long time A.A. Useynov was the recognized head of the Shiite community of the city of Astrakhan. Chairing the Board of Trustees of the Persian mosque, for more than forty years he was a City Councilor, Chairman of the Persian charitable society. Aji Ali Akber Useynov is a true example of service merchant interests of the nation and the Fatherland.
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Vinogradov Sergey V.
24-30
311
At the article author analyzes the problem of competition different economic structures in the 1920s. Rebirth of stratification domestic economy, as a result, of the new economic policy led to the reconstruction of the private capital. The new capitalists - shopkeepers to using the weakness of the s...tate, poor legal framework, inexperience and greed of new officials making a fortune, plundering state enterprises. The author based on archival documents shows how important for the country grain market has become a field of fierce competition of public and private organizations involved in harvesting grain. Using the pre-revolutionary experience, the connections, a thorough knowledge of the business, as well as corruption in the government, private companies began to press the government in the blank grain in the middle 1920s. In addition to wheat and rye were the basis of food for most of the country, the sale of grain on the world market is the main source of foreign currency funds necessary for the implementation of industrialization. Knowing this, private entrepreneurs have broken state plans on harvesting rye and wheat in 1925 and forced the government to buy their grain at high price to fulfill obligations to foreign buyers on a future crop contracts. The party-state authorities have been intensively press out private grain-procurement firm from the market by administrative measures in the second half of the 1920s. Analyze of archival documents shows that the direct management of the process has carried out at the level the Gubkom VKP (b), which underlines the financial strength and capabilities "bread of the capitalists." Private capital was been superseded from the grain market in 1928.
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Galaktionov Yegor N.
31-36
305
The article deals with the Soviet-Japanese relations in the 1930-s, connected which was a question of fishery, with distribution of quotas and sites of catch are considered determination of the extent of territorial sea in water area of the Tatar Strait, Sea of Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan and the impl...ementation of obligations on the previously concluded treaties. The author underlines the interrelation of regularization of Soviet-Japanese conflict with the security problems in the Pacific maritime border of the USSR. Which decision on the one hand led the USSR to policy of concessions (sale of KVZhD, "The Agreement on fishing questions"), and with another, allowed to occupy more tough policy in development of fishing industry in the Far East. These can explain creation in the early thirties in the Soviet government of standing committee for Sakhalin and Kamchatka. In the article there is an analysis of the diplomatic mission activity to resolute the disagreements and the consideration of the International Legal Resolutions concluded with Asia-Pacific countries. The adoption of the Neutrality Pact had a great influence on the course of history. In this plan aspiration of the USA to use instability in the region and to take under the jurisdiction earlier not belonging water areas in the Bering Sea, testify about maintaining the evil policy of the transatlantic neighbor.
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Kotelnikov Aleksey S.
36-42
326
The article deals with the difficult period of crisis 1920-1921. It forced the leadership of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (RCP(b)), headed by V.I. Lenin go for a departure from the policy of "war communism". It is an immature attempt to "frontal attack" on the age-old way of economic lif...e of Russian citizens, especially the peasantry. As a result of mass peasant uprisings, the Bolsheviks were forced to replace the surplus tax in kind, free trade and the resolution of some of the reforms on the introduction of market relations in the industrial sector. All these changes have received in the history of the name "New Economic Policy" (NEP). Events of this historical period considered by the author in the context of the history of the country's security. Change of vectors in the economic course painfully affected the activities of the security officers. They have experienced serious economic difficulties experienced obscure conversion, changes in the service name. But, despite the many difficulties, the public security organs continued to effectively deal with the economic and Political Science threats continue being a reliable cover for the Soviet state. Considering the history of the security forces in the first half of the 1920s, the author, however, a certain emphasis is on the regional dimension of their activities, but rather the work of the Cheka - OGPU in the Lower Volga region. For the first time in this paper based on the analysis of archival documents and new research of historians, shows the conflict between Astrakhan Provincial Committee of the RCP(b) and the leadership of the Astrakhan Cheka. Author continues today to work on collecting material on this and many other episodes in the history of the Cheka - OGPU.
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Aliev Rastyam T.
42-49
546
The hero and the heroic are the most important elements of culture, which reflects the socio-cultural reflection of society in the period in which they are relevant. This article analyzes the genesis of this phenomenon in historical retrospective and gives a description of the hero and the heroic in... each period. If the Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages the hero carries a function of ethnic identity of the tribe or nation, the founder of which he is, then since the heyday of medieval heroic ideological shifts focus - the hero becomes a projection of social ideals of the society in which there is. In modern times, the hero embodies the values of humanism and anthropocentrism, becoming a scientist and researcher, but since Newest time heroic complicated in its manifestation, creating new types of characters. The author concludes that by examining and analyzing the type of character of each era, can identify the main ideological trends and values of a society, which in turn gives a great material for a rethinking of the historical and socio-cultural processes. The hero and the heroic not only give us a picture of society and individual reflection on the changes taking place, and they also play a crucial role as a culture-factor.
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Obidin Nikita A.
49-52
306
The reason for writing this article is to mention a significant increase in events from the Internet when covering politics in the traditional media. For example, when light of recent Political Science developments in Ukraine, often referred to public records in Facebook, Twitter and VKontakte, hack...ed correspondence of social networks and e-mail comments to the posts, videos and photos. This trend has arisen for a long time and was originally perceived by society as something new and not well understood. But now links to internet sources - a common practice. What is happening on the Internet cannot be ignored, and now the Internet allows the Political Science elite to achieve their goals much easier. Because we can talk about the increased interest in Political Science information on the Internet, which can also be traced to events in Ukraine. After all, the Internet has the highest discussion of these events, especially among young people. But not only had this limited power of the Internet. Using the internet, it is possible, if not increase the effectiveness of the government's actions, and then at least alleviates her work. That is why we can talk about the need to study not only the main problems of interaction between government and citizens on the Internet, but also the history of this interaction.
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POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Publication retracted: 2021-05-25
Moshchelkov Yevgeniy N.
53-60
463
Search national ideology is always accompanied by heated debate among both the Political Science and the scientific community. In this article we are talking about the historical forms of state ideology in Russia and modern concepts. Particular attention is paid to the search for the state ideology ...as a system of education and upbringing of the younger generation of Russians.
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Usmanov Rafik Kh.
60-73
307
The paper examines the current geoPolitical Science processes in the regions of Russia and foreign countries in the period of global changes. Analyzes the events, the state of society and the influence of science on socio-economic development of the South of Russia. Author on the basis of quantitati...ve and qualitative research methods and comparative analysis is made classification of dissertation research during the reporting period of the Dissertation Council in Astrakhan State University on Political Science and philosophical sciences. The study concluded the positive role of regional scientific community and the significant contribution of the Dissertation Council in the preparation of qualified scientists and humanities consolidation in the further development of regional science.
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Grishin Nikolay V.
74-81
350
The paper provides an analysis of the electoral courts as specific regulatory agencies in the electoral process. A paper advances the definition of the electoral court. It is provided a historical overview of the emergence and spread of the institute of electoral courts in different countries of the... world. Preconditions and causes of electoral courts are analyzed. Some signs of the formation of electoral courts can be seen in the history of Russia in 1905-1917. The article proposes a typology of electoral courts on several grounds. The problem of institutional mechanisms to ensure the independence of the electoral courts in the system of government is studied. The paper reviewed the cases of organization of electoral courts in Uruguay, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa and the UK. The conclusion is that the model of the state authority that combines the functions of conducting the elections and resolution of electoral disputes, is a past stage in the development of the state electoral policy. It is possible to predict the further development of special judicial bodies responsible for the resolution of electoral disputes.
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Yakovlev Maksim V.
82-87
383
Current approaches to the role of oil and gas in the democratic process are analyzed in the article due to the growing interest in fuel and energy factor in politics. Among these are two main approaches: petrodollar and Political Science and hydrocarbon. Researchers of the first approach conclude th...at the oil and gas extra income allow the Political Science class to reduce the possibility of democracy and establish authoritarian rule through various social subsidies. Another group of researchers noted the need for an integrated approach to the fuel and energy mineral resources taking into account the history of the production of hydrocarbons, their properties, the international order, the transformation of the democratic process in the conditions of use of the abundant and cheap hydrocarbon energy. The author makes two main conclusions. Firstly, the relevant explanation of maintaining a stable democracy - is the formation of a democratic regime (in USA, Norway etc.) long before the start of production of oil and gas resources and aspiration of the Political Science class and citizens to act in accordance with democratic principles and procedures. Secondly, the hydrocarbon factor can have a serious impact on the specific design of the Political Science system and the democratic Political Science process with the country-specific.
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Makeev Oleg Yu.
87-90
311
The article is an attempt to understand the underlying reasons for the imposition of capitalism with pronounced Imperial features (in the American sense of global economic and Political Science influence) as no option of politico-economic development of humanity. According to the author, in the impl...ementation of this idea in the past few decades, there has been a trend of gradual merging of imperialist and Nazi doctrines, turning a man into impersonal commodity and corporate profit is above human lives.
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Stavitskiy Andrey V.
90-98
329
This article analyzes the historical sources on the so-called "Baturin massacre." According to Ukrainian historiography, November 2, 1708 "flying squad" under the command of Prince Alexander Menshikov seized and destroyed the residence of Hetman Ivan Mazepa Baturin Fortress. In this case, A.D. Mensh...ikov was not limited to the destruction of the fortress, but killed all the defenders and locals. Total, according to Ukrainian historiography became victims of Russian dragoons from 6 to 23 thousand people of all ages. This version is confirmed by numerous historical sources that describe the "massacre in Baturin." However, structural analysis of these sources shows that those who served as witnesses, in fact they are not, but only transmits the usual rumors. Participants assault Baturin about the massacre did not report. Participants hike Swedes write about the destruction, but about the mountains of corpses are silent. Lack of corpses sources explain the fact that corpses were sent on rafts on the rivers. But elementary calculation shows that the dragoons could neither hide the bodies of dead or send them on rafts per night. On the basis of this analysis of sources, we can conclude that the myth of the massacre in Baturin reliable sources is not confirmed.
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Baranov Andrey V.
98-106
319
The article identifies manifestations of public opinion in Ukraine expressing escalation of conflict between national, regional and ethnic identities in the conditions of state fragmentation. Attention is paid to the long-term factors of regional fragmentation of Ukraine. Analyzes the growth of the ...contradictions between the geoPolitical Science, ideological and party orientations by regions of the country at the beginning of the XXI century. Revealed resources of the construction of Political Science identity of Novorossia. Mounted displays heterogeneity of the South and East of Ukraine, complicating the construction of Novorossia as the new Political Science and sociocultural community. The forecast of identities’ conflict is done.
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Umanskaya Luiza A.
107-111
368
After 1991 all countries of the former socialist camp chose the western vector of development, having curtailed the project of the Eastern Partnership. They counted weak Russia as a source of all the socio-Political Science troubles, and hurried to renounce from it. However, the allied relations wit...h the West already led to loss of economic independence and the Political Science sovereignty. Modern Bulgaria is a classical example of such geoPolitical Science treachery when westernized Political Science elite from the name of their people declared a resolute gap with the former east partner. Owing to this fact Political Science processes in Bulgaria gained the extremely inconsistent and conflict character testifying about Political Science instability of Balkan state and the serious system shocks.
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Larionov Yevgeniy A.
112-118
334
Contemporary telediplomacy has become not only an integral part of the current Political Science process but also a tool that largely guides and regulates these processes. As global media networks are full-fledged actors of the world politics, telediplomacy plays a number of roles. The present paper... scrutinizes major directions of its activity in contemporary international relations and assesses prospects for development of its destructive and constructive potential.
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Novoselov Sergey V.
118-124
367
The article says that the Islamic Republic Iran is located in a geoPolitical Sciencely sensitive region, simultaneously both middle Eastern, Caucasian, and Central Asian and Caspian country. All the pain points of the region, one way or another, are associated with Iran. Everything seems to be purel...y internal problems of some parts of the region, whether ethnic or religious, military or economic, the problem of refugees and drug trafficking, terrorism and separatism can be effectively solved only with the assistance of the Islamic Republic Iran. That's why this country attracts the most attention of all the key actors of international relations. Around Iran and unwinds invisible, but a fierce struggle. The Islamic revolution has created a special, unique look of Iran. This appearance was the result of the vision that the founder of the Islamic Republic Ayatollah Khomeini. The main components of this concept are the Islamic republicanism, installation on the fair Board, the unacceptability of imperialism, support for the disadvantaged, the struggle with Israel, support for the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people, denying unjust economic world order and opposition to the United States as the leader of the imperialist world. All of these principles are the essence of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic Iran. Modern foreign policy of the Islamic Republic Iran is causing heated debate in the international arena. Many assessments, sounding in the world, reflect a misunderstanding of the essence of the Islamic state and the motives Tehran, taking certain decisions. There is much interest in the foreign policy of this state, both in the region and in the world.
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Potapov Vyacheslav A.
124-128
401
In the present article, the author considers a role of religious institutes, which are institutionalized generally in the form of the international non-governmental organizations of a religious orientation in globalization conditions of the modern international relations. The role of the religious o...rganizations in world politics and their place in system of Political Science institutes of the contemporary world are described. Besides, the author reveals and analyzes paradox of replacement of qualities and functions of the non-governmental organizations of a religious orientation determined by their institutional nature, by new, uncharacteristic for them and arisen as a response to tendencies of transformation of non-governmental organizations of a religious orientation from the independent subject of the international relations into the tool of foreign policy of the concrete states.
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Adzhiev Islam Рђ.
128-133
296
In article the attention to the main reasons for a gain of mass media of an important place in Political Science life of modern society, their opportunity to model the relations with the public in respect of formation and positioning of image of the region by means of special means and methods is pa...id. The main channel of a manipulation are mass media which are not simply means of informing society, but also very serious lever of influence. One of the mass media major functions is collecting, systematization and transfer of news and information, formation of opinion, a contribution to discussion of public problems, formation of image of the region. Image of the region is offered to be considered as the having character of a stereotype, emotionally painted image of the Political Science subject which developed in mass consciousness as a result of a combination of purposeful and inadvertent actions and constantly reproduced by the subject and mass media. Image of the region represents one of the most effective social and psychological regional regulators which is carrying out the most effective submission of the message which is able to bypass the various filters which are available in each person. Studying of problems of designing of image of the region in mass media, research of the characteristics defining this image, features of process of its formation and transformation, and also factors having impact on this process is of interest in modern conditions. It is necessary for increase of efficiency of formation of image of the North Caucasus at interaction of authorities and societies to use all channels of communication, i.e. both traditional mass media, and means of Internet communication.
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Vlasenko Maksim A.
133-140
334
The issue of corruption is one of the central problems for the modern social sciences. In its development involved both the law and the sociology, Political Science and historical science. Particular attention is paid to the corruption among the bureaucracy and the Political Science elite. It is gen...erally accepted that corruption in the highest echelons of power is a testament to their poor training and inability to legal ways to solve complex problem issues. It is this aspect invariably causes an increased interest in the community and is a key to assessing the quality of the professional activity of certain politicians and elite groups. A comprehensive analysis of the corruption phenomenon as a socio-Political Science reality enables civil society to make more clear and complete portrait of the authorities to formulate their demands to remedy defects indigenous bureaucratic apparatus and withdraw cooperation with the authorities for a constructive dialogue.
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Gamidov Sanan Salekh ogly
140-147
301
GeoPolitical Science position of Azerbaijan long since drew to it attention of near and far actors. Without going deep into history of Persian-ottoman or Russian-British rivalry for influence and domination, it is possible to tell, as today Azerbaijan is in focus of close international attention. In... article considered priorities of Azerbaijan in foreign policy and geopolitics over the past few years. Here is given the analysis of a current state of investment policy, regional policy of Azerbaijan and the large international projects which are carried out by the country. Membership of Azerbaijan in a number of the authoritative international organizations is of great importance for definition of priorities of foreign policy. Azerbaijan possessing from an advantage strategic ground, a geostrategic an important position on a joint of Europe and Asia, keeping features peculiar to it in all areas of Political Science and spiritual and cultural life, having incorporated formed of synthesis of values of the West and the East of quality, Azerbaijan chose the line of integration into the world community. On the way of realization of this choice the Azerbaijani state, on the one hand, studies world experience and defines model of the economic and Political Science development, and with another, - according to the parameters accepted in the international sphere enters interstate communications for protection of the national interests.
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Altawel Faris Ali
147-154
308
Established domestic and foreign factors of destabilization and the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi’s regime in Libya (2011). The main reasons Political Science crises in Libya were not so much internal problems, but foreign interference and intervention. Provocative role played by social discontent.... The initiator of the overthrow of the regime was the youth. Used Internet technology to mobilize anti-system opposition. Oppositional actions actively promoted by foreign actors: the United States, Great Britain and France. With the introduction of Western military forces in Libya crisis turned into uncontrolled deep-collapse phase. After the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi the country fall in a deep Political Science crisis. No legitimate power in the pain-necks of the territory of this state, are not formed the main Political Science institutes, not adopted the Libyan constitution. There is a confrontation between the government, tribal sheikhs-governmental and municipal councils. Mass protests are continuing. Problems, which have been calling upon the overthrow of the regime, not solved. Moreover, they are compounded by «Oil crisis», i.e. claims of certain regions (Cyrenaica and Fezzan) on autonomy and independent disposal of their minerals. After the collapse of Jamahiriya in Libya made attempts of approval nominally democratic system, but the situation is close to anarchy. The Political Science system continues to be based, as before, on building balances the interests of tribes and regional clans.
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Dzhepparov Alim M.
154-159
408
The article tells about principles of representative democracy in the United States of America, evolution and modern condition of electoral system asfundamental mechanism of representation in the USA. Special aspects of citizens’ electoral rights realization in the United States have been found ou...t. The central focus is made on the development of election legislation and its structure. Additionally, historical stages which had introduced profound changes in the electoral system of the United Stated were determined. An effect of canceling of various voters qualifications on the process of the United States Political Science system democratization as well as the role of the state and Political Science associations in the electoral system were studied. Based on the analysis made we figured out special aspects of electoral process, electoral mechanisms and procedure in the United Stated, their effect on democratism of the Political Science system in the country, the main characteristics of electoral system in the US with its advantages and weaknesses.
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Mamedov Intigam Bayram ogly
160-165
329
The article analyzes Kazakhstan foreign policy in raw sector with regional and global actors. The attention is focused on its multivector character and importance for Russia. The author considers the Kazakhstan-China and Kazakhstan-West relations through a prism of the Russian-Kazakhstan cooperation.... The paper presents highlights of the Kazakhstan energy policy for the last decade. The separate part is assigned to systems of raw materials transportation as to the main criteria for definition of a Political Science orientation. The author scrutinizes a role of transnational corporations and points to the start of work of the Euroasian economic union, which can change a state of affairs radically.
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Abramyan Vladimir R.
165-170
335
Modernization of Political Science system of the Russian Federation has both the direct, and mediated consequences. Increase of a role of mass media not only in display, but also in deepening of transformations is distinguished from the last. It is obvious that without multiplication of the results ...of transformations in information space conscious participation of citizens in reforms is impossible. In modern Russian expert and analytical mass media have developed and extend problem and thematic niches of information maintenance of modernization of Political Science system.
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Litvishko Olga M.
171-178
330
In the modern situation of fragmentation of foreign policy due to the processes of globalization and regionalism new actors appear in international relations - they are sub-national actors, i.e. inner national regions and cross-border regions. Taking into consideration the importance of integration ...processes, the authorities of cross-border regions strive to strengthen regional integration. Cross-border cooperation serves as the initial level of inter-state cooperation. There are several models and forms of cross-border cooperation which are stipulated by regional, Political Science, economic and functional peculiarities of regions. The European and the Asian models are the most widely used models of cross-border cooperation. The European model is the basis of integration processes in Europe and is carried out in the form of Euroregions. The Asian model is the integration of markets of East Asian countries and is based on the principle of mutual complementation of economic systems of the countries involved. The effectiveness of this or that model depends on a number of criteria which are important in defining the most important characteristic features to serve as the basis of integration processes in other regions of the world.
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Frolova Yuliya S., Amirkhanyan Anait M.
178-185
304
Modern Political Science mythology offers a choice of a very wide range of topics and issues that are working on the positive image of power, making it more attractive. The image of an “alien” or a “foreign” as one of mythological images is often used in a manipulative way and is indued with... negative features. Accumulated scientific data let us identify both tecniques of using such mythology to justify the government and verification methods of the available falsification.
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ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Rusak Yelena S., Voronin Sergey M.
186-191
330
In article it is considered major factors of innovative ensuring modernization of economy of Belarus. The analysis of a condition of science, education, innovative activity of the industrial enterprises and innovative infrastructure is carried out....
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Khutova Lyudmila A., Shardan Saida K., Akbaev Renat A.
192-198
326
The key role in achievement and maintenance of a sustainable development of the country belongs to municipalities which are created and function for the solution of the questions of life support connected by a community of accommodation of citizens and represent the territorial and Political Science... organization of the population. mportant feature of the present stage of development of budgetary and tax system of the Russian Federation is need of strengthening of financial independence of local authorities, first, for ensuring own powers and, secondly, for economic development of own territories. hange of volume of account obligations of municipalities as a result of revision of the list of questions of local value isn't followed by process of increase of a tax autonomy of local governments. The balance between the income and expenses in local budgets is provided not due to growth of their tax income adequate to growth of expenses, and due to financial assistance. Values of indicators of a share of the income and expenses of local budgets in the income and expenses of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation testify to existence of decentralization of profitable sources, however these indicators don't consider real degree of financial independence of municipalities, and allow to estimate only formally legislative interpretation of level of own income of local budgets. t is represented that the problem of research of funds for satisfaction of requirements of local government, the analysis of sources of acquisition of these means, and also value of financial security of the arising needs on places deserves attention and the decision.
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Gogusheva Tauzhan M., Akbasheva Diana M., Рђdzhieva Ayzhat A.
198-202
345
Lack of uniform nation-wide approach in questions of management social and economic systems of municipalities of the country creates conditions of multidirectional development of concrete territorial units. Backwardness of the control system providing steady developments of social and economic munic...ipal systems is the main reason for current situation. In development of state Political Science system at the present stage the special importance is gained by the reform of local government urged to carry out reorganization of powers of authority and to strengthen positions of institute of local government in Russia. In this regard extremely important part is assigned to development of municipalities as production and territorial units of municipal sector of economy, primary links of territorial structure of economy of the country. The present stage of social development is characterized by unique features: on the one hand, wide scope gets process of globalization of economic processes and the interindustry integration conducting to the economic unions and integration groups controlling huge territories, and with another - each person living in a certain settlement is a part of local community which differs from other communities not only the territory, but also the developed economical communications, structure of the population and way of inclusion of the population in process of public reproduction. In borders of local community joint efforts of the population living in this territory conduct economy for satisfaction of both collective, and personal needs of inhabitants. Each territory is formed and functions according to the administrative-territorial device, and its control is exercised on the basis of the principles of local government. The local government is urged not only to execute the powers established by the legislation in the respective territory, but also to provide sustainable social and economic development of municipalities for increase of competitiveness of the territory, its investment appeal, improvement of quality of life of the population.
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Publication retracted: 2019-11-02
Gogusheva Tauzhan M., Khutova Lyudmila A., Akbasheva Diana M.
202-206
427
In article the attention is paid that the solution of the social tasks connected with satisfaction the basic vital needs of the population assigned to local government demands the necessary level of its financial and economic providing. It is about existence at the municipalities corresponding to th...em competence, steady sources of the income which would allow them not only to carry out a covering of operating costs, but also on an independent basis to plan and realize programs of complex social and economic development of territories, to carry out flexible (financial and economic) impact on intra municipal processes. Material and financial equipment of public powers of authority - one of the basic principles of formation of competence which violation does powers formal, bezdeystvenny, not realized in practice that calls into question possibility of ensuring the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens, undermines trust of the population to an appropriate level of the power. Legislative ensuring this principle, in relation to local government as to institute of not sovereign power which operates strictly on the bases and within the law and besides bears on itself the main burden of responsibility for the organization of rendering a wide range of public services to the population, has special value.
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Kumukov Albert M.
206-211
319
The article reviews the Chinese Political Science and economic projects in Central Asia. China’s expanding sphere of influence in the region and extent of the penetration are also analyzed. Various instruments and methods used by China in the achievement of its foreign policy goals in Central Asia... are discussed.
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Akopyan Tigran V.
211-219
296
It has been substantiated in the article that the assessment of the programs and projects on the regional irrigation systems development should be based on the economic analysis, which will allow to judge either the investment project will positively contribute to the economic growth and the economi...c progress of the country or not. During the conduction of the economic analysis of the strategy on the irrigation system development it is advisable to consider externalities appearing in the following subsystems: the household, the plant growing, the animal husbandry, the fish industry, the water resources and the land resources. Besides that while conducting the evaluation it is quite necessary to take into account the expected damages connected with the accidents: the damage of people, the destruction of constructions, territories flooding, the damage of sowings, the violation of the natural environment, etc. All these consequences of the implementation of the irrigation projects should receive cost evaluation and should be taken into account during the calculation of cash flows. The method of cash flows modeling of the project on the regional irrigation systems development, allowing to take into account the influence of the investment projects on their surroundings in the subsystems: the household, the plant growing, the animal husbandry, the fish industry, the water resources, the land resources, the natural landscapes, etc., has been presented in the article.
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Mineva Oksana K., Kochetkova Natalya N., Khramova Tatyana M.
219-222
299
Increase employee efficiency has always been a major management challenge for an effective manager. In the Russian Federation today, one of the tools of reforming the national system of performance management acts «effective contract». Narrows the understanding of the instrument as a refinement of... the content of the labor contract settlements, does not allow to fully appreciate the complexity of the whole idea of ​​the author of the innovation. «Effective contract» is, above all, the list of mutually beneficial working conditions between employees and employers aimed at introducing transparency in remuneration on the one hand and the formation of loyalty, engagement and job satisfaction of the parties of labor relations with the other hand.
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Akmaeva Raisyan I., Lunev Aleksandr P., Mineva Oksana K.
223-230
331
The article critically explores the genesis of management - progressively successive stages in the evolution of scientific thought on good governance; identify trends and the basic ideas of good governance, which can be taken up by modern management; It substantiates that any concept of management a...t the end of the active phase of the action does not disappear completely, and its basic ideas persist in modern management concepts based on mutual penetration and enrichment of different management techniques and elements that arose in different periods. It develops the thesis that man today is both a key player and a special object of control, which should not be considered only as a "resource". Top management must skillfully incorporated into the processes of self-managed through the formation of a mechanism of self-development when management only provides triggering excitement staff of the organization, and the subsequent "self-alignment and samodostraivanie structure" is made by the employees. Expands the modern incarnation of the idea of self-managed workforce, P. Drucker put forward in the early 50-ies of XX century and accepted in society while, on the example of American production company processing tomatoes Morning Star Company, in which there is the most traditional management system, that is. e. Chiefs, but effectively implement the principle of self-eminently.
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Berezhnov Gennadiy V.
230-236
290
Virtual culture is those informal cultures. It is characterized mainly by the horizontal direction communication between employees, to manage and control can be interchanged, and the strategy is not strictly linked to the long-term. Virtual culture is revealed in the new organizational forms of busi...ness and aims to create organizational knowledge and creative development is not only self-organizing, and self-replicating samovozobnovlyayuschih and organizational structures. The article presents a study on the current development of the company from the standpoint of formation and use of the potential of culture.
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Samarets Tatyana V., Usacheva Lyubov V.
237-242
282
The article views approving state control mechanisms of exercise government financing in the system of secondary professional education in Astrakhan region. In the financial and economic crisis conditions the role of public audit in the control system of budget organization is enhanced budgetary org...anizations in the direction of increasing efficiency of budgetary resources exercising received by organizations from various sources. The article defines the direction of the audit control in order to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the estimated costs and disclosed algorithms for solving practical problems of state audit.
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Khodenkova Olga P.
242-245
289
There are many requirement of motivational theories about how motivation and how to motivate staff. This article provides a general view of the leading experts on the question of measurability of motivation and the role of the method of "carrot" and "stick" in staff motivation....
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Kashirskaya Lyudmila V., Arykbaev Ravil K.
245-255
353
In article questions of implementation of the state financial control are considered. The conclusion is drawn that in the developed system of financial control a number of the directions needing essential changes accurately is allocated namely: development of forms not only subsequent, but also prev...entive, current control; ensuring methodical interrelation of auditor, intraeconomic and public control; reduction to uniformity of techniques of check which received primary development for the commercial organizations, not considering economic operations made by the budgetary establishments. Features of functioning of the budgetary establishments on the basis of which the conclusion is drawn on the possible maintenance of the model of the methodological card of accounting examination of system and registration documents, departmental interaction and efficiency of activity are investigated.
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Arutyunyan Svetlana A., Belik Yelena A., Kryukova Yekaterina V.
256-263
308
The authors of this article make a conclusion having analyzed the concepts of organizational changes and their management that it is necessary to provide organizational changes in modern companies to improve their competitiveness. To increase the efficiency of these changes the authors justify the s...trategies for the implementation of the organizational changes and the tools of personnel behavior management during the period of such organizational changes.
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AkhunzhanРѕva Inna N., Vashetckaya-Mustafaeva Yuliya I., Mordasova Tatyana A.
263-269
322
In this article the urgency of the need for analysis of the impact of environmental factors, in particular measures of state regulation on the activities of companies in the fuel and energy complex, was substantiated, matrix method was used to perform the studies assessing the impact of environmenta...l factors on the example of the regional heat transport company. The classification of factors was performed, The authРѕrs prРѕvide recРѕmmendatiРѕns for the strategic management of the company and the measures to be taken by the state to ensure the investment attractiveness of the enterprises of energy cluster.
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Matsuy Yelena A., Smirnova Diana Sh.
269-275
321
Research of the problems of development integrated association in agriculture. The analysis of opportunities of use of innovations in agricultural production. Assessment of market potential of production of agriculture. The innovative integration project "Clever Village" is offered. The structure of... management, production, an assessment of market appeal of vnedremy object is investigated.
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History of Philosophy
Alekseev Aleksandr P.
276-282
299
The state of post-culture is an effect of intensive culturing of human mind by a lot of agents promoting diversity of values that are not compatible with each other. Ideology of marketplace has been extended to different sectors of society (including science), growth of manipulative technologies bri...ngs into a question future of intelligence. Development of culture of argumentation based on classical values of truth, justice and reasoning should contribute into negotiation of post-cultural situation. Argumentative technologies is of non-manipulative and anti-manipulative sort that is of great importance in the conditions of information war.
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Badmaev Valeriy N.
282-287
300
The objective processes of globalization leads to increased interdependence among nations and improve the interaction between cultures and civilizations. Changes in the global arena returned to active turnover classic categories of international relations among which a special place is occupied by t...he concept of Eurasianism. The need to rethink the ideas of Eurasianism updated look for new vectors of development of modern changing world, based Multivision to global peace and multiidentity of the modern man.
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Tikhonova Svetlana V.
287-291
343
In today’s rapidly changing world, Russia is attaching great significance to the Political Science ideology uniting people around a basic value system. The paper addresses the transformation, development and evolution prospects of the contemporary Political Science ideology in Russia in the contex...t of the innovative development of the Russian state.Creation of a consolidated society is a strong prerequisite for the implementation of the Russian Federation’s innovative development strategy. Only the consolidated society can provide a firm foundation for innovative development of the state and its entire Political Science system.Consolidation of the participants of the innovative process around the state’s ideology and values of the national idea acquires primary importance in this context. The paper looks at several specific steps in the evolution of ideological designs from the middle of the 1980s to date, with a focus on distinct features of the Russian conservatism and its variety - social conservatism, as well as liberalism and neo-liberal ideology. Possible fusion of liberalism and conservatism as one of the sought-for (desirable) ideologies is examined.
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Ulanov Mergen S.
292-299
296
The article investigates the philosophical and ethical foundations of modern economic development, on the example of the major religions of the world. The recent global financial crisis had not so much economic as spiritual and moral reasons, being largely a crisis of ethical values. In this regard,... all the more urgent appeal of traditional ethical values related to world religions, effectively providing a responsible human behavior. As practice shows the last decades and research scientists, world religions have considerable innovative potential for a positive impact on the modern economy.
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Verezgova Irina V.
299-304
328
The article is devoted to the analysis of the conditions of institutionalization of public relations in the early twentieth century. There have been changes in the social sphere of society, caused by maxrecursion and led to the necessity of professional isolation efforts to achieve social cohesion. ...Analyzed various social and philosophical approaches to the study of society and public opinion.
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Chistyakova Irina Yu.
304-310
300
This publication presents review scientific published in the scientific journal “Humanitarian studies” in the period from 2010 to 2015 on of linguistics and speechology. The focus is on the study of genres of Russian literature - of small talk, essay, interviews, etc., strategy and tactics of sp...eech influence in public speech, teaching on the elite Russian type of speech culture.
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Gorlova Yekaterina V.
310-315
339
The article is devoted to studying of the New age movement from a position of subaltern groups. We explain the origins of the term В«subalternВ» and its development within the framework of scientific discourse. We examine in detail two subaltern groups : Native Americans and feminist ideas. They had... an enormous influence on the development of culture and philosophy of the New Age. The feminist ideas has played a special role in the spread of Indian subjects, and as a whole multiculturalism represented by the cultures of other small nations in the New Age. Hypertrophic attention of New Age ideologues to small groups and their values could not ignore the Indian women. Earlier Indian woman was the most powerless creature in the country. She was deprived of a name because she has a contemptuous nickname В«squawВ». This negative connotation was extend to everything about Indian women, but New Age has changed this situation radically. Now it is Indian woman becomes the translator of ancient wisdom, telling her man. So, the image of an Indian woman from the В«squawВ» has become a translator of ancient wisdom, the ideal primordial female shaman, which became popular in the consumer society. The feminism and multiethnic component reflect the basic characteristics of the New Age phenomenon.
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Ramazanova Saida R.
315-320
335
The article attempts to the philosophical comprehension of moral imperatives of personality. The subject is modern and important. The theme is undoubtedly actual in theory. This article is a timely issue today because in the twentieth century, humanity has survived many terrible events: the bloody w...ars, nuclear disasters, Political Science conflicts. These problems are still not resolved. The article discusses ways to resolve ethnic and interconfessional conflicts, which should be based on moral benchmarks, on the priority of spiritual values. Moral culture influences the relationship between people. It reflects the spiritual and material values of the social system. A well-known fact that in the XXI century only the dialogue of cultures is able to help people to rethink past failures and resolve social problems. All problems should be solved by Political Science means, which are based on universal moral values. Only through public dialogue of cultures we will be able to form a multicultural space where different cultures will be able to co-exist and interact with each other. The concept В«humanityВ» which deals with religious and secular presentations was not integrally comprehended with social philosophyuntil now . The ideas of morality are opened from the point of view of Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam, social philosophy in the article. Morality which is situated between religion and atheism would become original В«the third wayВ». This way will make an effort to lead a personality to spirituality and morality.
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PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE
Mironova Yuliya G.
321-327
337
The article analyzes the regional features of migration processes in the Astrakhan region. The study of migration processes and the ability to control, understanding changes occurring in them, at the regional level, are of great scientific theoretical and practical significance. The aim of the study... is to analyze the statistics of migration during the period from 2007 to 2011. The main source of information is the official statistics of the Territorial Department of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Astrakhan region. The article presents a comparative analysis of migration processes at all levels. The peculiarities of migration flows between Astrakhan IS countries and the CIS countries, as well as migration flows with the subjects of the Russian Federation and especially intra-regional migration. The study author concludes that the region has recently seen a positive migration balance. The positive balance was due to the inflow of migrants from the CIS countries. Net migration with foreign countries in recent years has been negative, but not significant to the performance indicators. The emigration of citizens in other regions of the Russian Federation from the region is sustainable. Intra-regional migration flows are mainly directed from rural to urban areas. All parts of the region except for two have a steady exodus. Migration processes affect the social and demographic structure of the population. Analysis of regional migration processes, increases the representativeness of their forecasting and efficiency of regional migration policy.
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Frolova Yuliya S., Lebedeva Irena V.
327-333
236
Political Science and economic changes in Russia in the late XX. - early XXI. century were so significant that completely changed the social structure of the country. Against this background there was a sharp aggravation of social and property differentiation in society. This article deals with the ...problem of polarization of money incomes of population and change of their structuration. The authors also analyze the specificity of poverty phenomenon in the contexts of Russian socio-economic space which is being observed in recent years. This article deals with the phenomenon of resentment and its relationship with the many social life phenomena. Particular attention is given to the examples of Russian reality.
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Zubova Oksana G.
334-337
257
The article describes the prevention of youth extremism through educational technology, when a culture of dialogue, tolerance towards ethnic, national, racial, confessional differences, to perception of the culture and customs of the countries and peoples. This allows not only to diagnose and to stu...dy this phenomenon, but in the dialogue to seek complicated answers to questions which excite modern youth, bringing the audience to the level of social optimism, forming the Foundation for critical thinking and self-reflection, active civil position.
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Plotichkina Natalya V., Belyatskaya Alica Ya.
338-343
404
Tendencies in change of the content and structure of leisure activity of Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don youth are revealed in the article. The authors characterize youth’ leisure activities, basing on the main principals of the concept practices in the sociology of youth’ daily life, structural-fun...ctional approach in the sociology of youth. Leisure activity of local youth was analyzed taking into account the results of the empirical research. The influence of gender specificity on nature of leisure pReferencess of young citizens is shown. Free time of local youth, the degree of satisfaction of respondents with city infrastructure of youth leisure is defined.The characteristic of leisure infrastructure in Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don is presented. It is pointed out that modern leisure infrastructure gives more opportunities for practice of traditional forms of leisure, rather than the innovative directions. The importances of «out-of-door» forms of spending free time, the practices of active recreational activity are emphasized for young people. The hierarchy of leisure alternatives for the youth of Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don are revealed. The article shows that under the influence of the urbanized environment changes occur in leisure pReferencess of local youth. The article describes the new leisure practices in youth communities (time clubs and city quests).The conclusion that interest of youth in new leisure alternatives is observed in choice of institutions for rest, sports activities, hobbies and participation in city games is drawn.
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Bicharova Mariya M., Gorlova Yekaterina V.
343-350
258
The article is devoted to investigation the features of image of modern Russian woman, voluntary refused from childbearing. In spite the important part of woman-mother which she plays in the process of formation of national self-consciousness and main forms of Russian cultural identification, the tr...ansformation from “feminity” to “sexuality” and from “feminity” to “manliness” is registered. A new absolutely different image of woman who dew to certain reasons be it physiological, psychological, social, ideological, religious or Political Science ones, cannot or doesn’t want to have children.
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Tikhomirov Danil S.
351-358
236
The article is devoted to functioning principles of The Little Man’s character from N. Gogol’s and L. Andreev’s poetics. The author tries to found how both writers use this character with realistic method. The author accents difference between a literature type and a typical case in connection... with Gogol’s and Andreev’s oeuvre and detailed analyzes problematic of this phenomenon. The article will be useful to students, who wants to study specifics of N. Gogol’s and L. Andreev’s texts, to teachers of literature of the 1
third of XIX century and of The Silver Age, as well as specialists in a literature comparativism.
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Gogoladze Liya M.
358-362
250
In this article we investigate the visualization of body as a sociocultural phenomenon problem of "foreign". Trends of modern globalization affected the actualization of this problem in the virtual space. The author's contribution is to extend smyslosfery in the formation of a virtual image of a str...anger through the transformation of the pixel in the physicality of its incarnation, which led to difficulty recognizing the truth in cyberspace. The result of this study is to define the role of others in the virtual space, the immediate devaluation of classical physicality, and have a massifications, illusivisation and crisis consciousness of modern society.
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Xu Yujie, Yakushenkova Olesya S.
363-367
256
The article analyzes the process of forming particular patterns of frontier heroines in Chinese cinema. The whole history of China is the process of collision with other Nations and tribes. In recent years, Chinese filmmakers are increasingly turning to the picture of frontier subjects. These areas ...are positioned with such characteristics as chaos, dystopia, antisocial behavior of the characters, complex natural conditions, etc. Frontier is unstable, mysterious territory in which the hero faces all kinds of dangers. It is not surprising that female characters have shades of asocial behavior, and grotesque, sometimes exaggerated masculinity and militancy etc. Frontier woman in Chinese cinema is usually a warrior, savage, able to withstand men and to dominate them, her sexuality is minimized or Vice versa, grotesque, aggressive and exhibited to the fore. The creators use these traits to emphasize heterological actions unfolding in these areas. The authors, on the example of different cinematographic works, analyze stereotypes in depicting frontier heroines
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SCIENTIFIC LIFE
Ponedelkov Aleksandr V., Vorontsov Sergey A., Usmanov Rafik Kh.
368-375
230
Authors based on case studies and analysis of the socio-Political Science processes of the modern period in the southern regions of Russia considering the state of development of civil society and the factors affecting the security of the state. The article examines the process of formation and comp...osition of the Political Science and economic elite in the Russian regions, its fundamental differences from a similar process and composition at the federal level, analyzed the perceptions of the public Political Science leadership at the regional level. Researchers on the basis of comparative analysis of the development of Political Science parties, managerial elites and the results of the regional leaders during the 2000 state facts little progress in terms of democratization of Russian society. As a result, the authors based on the findings are conclusions and recommendations for the improvement of civil society
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Karabushenko Pavel L., Vartumyan Arushan Рђ.
375-382
243
The greatness of any empire is made up of a number of structural factors, among which a special place occupies the quality of science and education. This factor with all its evidence is seen in the scientific elite and in its relations with the authorities. Each empire has its experience of the rela...tions of the scientific elite and the power, their culture and their scientific innovations. Russian scientific elite of last decades of the Russian autocracy shows us the rise of scientific thought and cultural performances. No wonder this time is called “The Silver Age” in Russian culture. Its take off was interrupted by the Russian Revolution, having stopped the development of scientific thought in Russia for decades. The given work is devoted to the consideration of these issues
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Lebedeva Irena V.
382-386
261
During the First Cold War, the West often accused the Soviet Union that the Soviet journalists are completely ideologized and fully serve the ideology of the Communist Party. In contrast, they gave the example of the Western media - a sample of genuine freedom of speech, honesty and venality. A quar...ter of a century has passed and we can see the true face of Western journalism. It turns out that all of the charges that they set up against their Soviet opponents, with can be attributed to themselves with good reason. The West, in fact, turned to the Soviet Union of the worst of his sample. Falsification and manipulation of the western media reflected the unscrupulousness and cynicism of big politics of the West. The myth of the speech freedom does not withstand any criticism even among themselves and Western Political Science analysts and journalists. The evidence of all above mentioned is the work of the German journalist Udo Ulfkotte about the corruption of the German press and most of the leading Western publishing houses and journalists, serving the interests of the security services of their governments.
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CULTURAL HERITAGE OF POLYETHNIC REGION
BaevР° Lyudmila V.
387-396
250
The role of caviar in the world culture is unique in many ways: it has become a symbol of quality of life, luxury and success, on the one hand, on the other hand, it appears brand multicultural region of Lower Volga - the Caspian, the delta of the great Russian river Volga. The history of relations ...with caviar - not just part of the culture of everyday life of the past, but also the opportunity to take a fresh look at contemporary cross-cultural and eco-cultural problems of society. The object of research is the caviar as biocultural phenomenon, the subject of acts - the image of caviar in the world culture. The method of investigation is based on the principles of the culture of everyday life, historical anthropology, cross-cultural studies of border areas, the theory of the frontier. The results can be used as a humanitarian and ecological contexts, have educational and environmental aspects of the application.
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Khlyscheva Yelena V.
396-400
234
The postmodern in Russia is generated by collisions of post-totalitarian development of domestic culture and can be designated as archaic, east, peripheral. It was formed in the absence of full circulation of ideas and art experience that caused its context critical and crisis, drama characteristics... which expressed specifics of Russian postmodern. The postmodernism was actively apprehended by Russian intellectuals and artists who tried to transfer its installations to domestic culture. It explains the attempt to actualize modernism art experience, which was interrupted in Soviet period. Revealing the specifics of postmodernism performance in Russian culture in Post-Soviet period it is necessary to pay attention to such bases characteristics of postmodernism as: ironic mixture of language and images of the art directions of a modernism; repetition and interpretation of classical performances; appeal to ceremonialism of traditional culture and loan of ritual forms. Especially it is necessary to point attention to the active appeal of authors to Political Science themes and forms of Political Science activity (meeting, demonstration, barricade), the aspiration to which lead to unpredictability results. Authors openly show absurdity of Political Science struggle, acting as the provoker, fixes all those problems which exist in society. As the result it can be noted that post-modernist art in Russia became an art form of expression the situation of a break of the Soviet values and formation of Post-Soviet culture.
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Kanateva Natalya S.
400-406
219
Khlustovshina is considered one of the most popular sects of Russia of the XIX century , being, at the same time, one of the most mysterious. In the south of Russia, in the Astrakhan province, in the late XIX - early XX centuries there were also Khlyst community, which were permanent job missionarie...s local Orthodox diocese. Astrakhan Khlyst community, in general, stick to the basic provisions of their faith, but at the same time, they were characterized by some local distinctive features.
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Dibraev Afsaladdin D.
406-410
335
The problem of becoming of common and civil identity in Dagestan is considered in the given paper. The author determines two interpretations of ethic people and nation - constructivism and primordialism, preferring primordialistic conception. The conformity of ethic culture of the given conception i...s shown on the example of the Republic of Dagestan. Appreciating multiculturalism critically, the investigator touches upon the perspectives of ethic culture in civil nation’s forming. Ethnic (national) culture originated in ancient times with ethnic groups. Their historically the first form of this tribal culture. Ethnic culture carries the traditions of their ancestors, which mainly involves field work and life: her features are manifested in the characteristics of food and clothing, folklore, folk crafts, folk medicine, and so on, it Usually develops as an oral culture, but with the spread of literacy gradually clothed in written form. The specificity of ethnic culture is largely due to the natural environment. It expressed the secular people's experience of life and sustainable farming in these terms of nature. However, in the formation of ethnic culture special role of religious beliefs and historical memory of the nation and ideological settings.
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Song Jie, Lebedeva Irena V.
410-415
259
In the works of Chinese painters and calligraphers the image of wine is one of invariable characteristics of two gradually developing directions of the Chinese art: positivism of official, academic school and intuitionalism of the independent artists who experienced the influence of Taoist ideas. Fo...r the latter the image of wine served as a way of decomposition, simplification, removal of culturally motivated barriers between people and space, unification of human spirit with the nature. Therefore it is logical that Confucian artists represented process of wine drinking whereas the followers of " fan lГј" and "wenren hua" styles glorified the state of intoxication where the person reaches individual freedom and harmony with space.
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Gerasimidi Yelena I.
415-417
244
The education guidance “The frontier of Lower Volga: cultural memory and cultural heritage”, written by the authors Romanova A.P., Hlyscheva E. V., Yakushenkov S. N., Vasilyev D. V., Kusmidinova M. H., Yakushenkova O. S., Topchiev M. S., gives the analysis of the ways of preservation of cultural... heritage in the polycultural region. The authors develop the methodology and conceptual framework of frontier territories. The system of cross-cultural communications depends on many factors, including the history of cultural landscape in the frontier territory where a process of cross-cultural communications take place. From this position the problems of preservation the cultural safety in conditions of the polycultural spaces are rised. The analysis of modern society leads to understanding the needs of achievement the cultural dialogue in the world where cultures and interests of many people compelled to look for a way to interact with each other.
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Krasnozhenova Yelena Ye.
418-427
274
Article is devoted to the work of urban defense committees of the Lower Volga region, aimed at solving problems of the population and living during the Great Patriotic War. The features of the solution of the food problem by introducing rationing, the organization of collective farm trade, the devel...opment of a network of institutions catering and strengthen the role of decentralized blanks. Shows the activity of the city defense committees on the organization of medical care and control of epidemics in the region, to ensure the operation of utilities and social assistance to the families of service members, disabled, factory workers, and children. Attention is paid to the peculiarities of the solution of social problems of the Stalingrad area during the fighting on its territory and after their completion. Work city defense committees of the Lower Volga allowed to weakeneveryday difficulties of the population. However, a substantial improvement in their daily lives and prevented military conditions caused them difficulties in financial support of social development in the region and the country as a whole.
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