Issue 2014
No. 3
(40)
Arutyunyan Akop Zh.
15-23
301
To study the administrative and territorial division of Arshakid Armenia especially important information is by Claudius Ptolemy. According to him, Armenia has had 20 provinces, and by Armenian Geography (“Ashkharatsuyts”, the source of V-VII centuries ) – 15 provinces. Comparative analysis of... primary sources reveals the changes that have occurred in Armenia since the geographer-historian Ptolemy until the end of the kingdom of Great Armenia(387).
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Vinogradov Sergey V.
23-27
283
In article activity of private attorneys of the Astrakhan district court during introduction in full in the territory of the Astrakhan province of provisions of Judicial reform of 1864 is considered. Creation of institute of private legal profession was the necessary action caused by a lack of quali...fied personnel among barristers. The author pays special attention of implementation of the public projects prepared by private attorneys taking into account social and economic features of life of the Astrakhan province, conditions of change of legal space. As a result, the author comes to conclusion that the legal profession played an important role in adaptation process of the civilian population to new realities of life at the turn of the century in the conditions of a country town.
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Rezakov Ravil G., Rekesheva Farida M.
27-35
311
The article reveals the basic directions of development of educational institutions in the Astrakhan province in the 19th and early 20th century, shows the relationship between the history of the region with the development of education of Russia, examines the role of religion in the formation of pu...blic education. This article describes the development of education among the various nationalities of Astrakhan –Tatars, Kazakhs and Kalmyks.
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Matsakova Natalya P.
35-42
268
The article investigates the historiography of the Kalmyks` participation in the Russian-Turkish wars. This theme was touched by many researchers in the XVIII–XX centuries, in special and review works. But qualitative analysis of all the literature has not been made yet. The article gives a review... of the existing historiography, while it is divided into groups and briefly characterized. As a results of this study there are the findings and results.
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Monin Vadim V.
42-45
269
The paper "Analysis of approaches to the reform of local self-government" dwells on the study of proposals by Russian President to reform the local government system. It focuses on the severity and depth of the problems existing in the sphere of the local government. The study aim is to identify the... adequacy of proposed reforms to the current challenges. The paper uses the principle of social approach. This paper analyzes the proposals made in 2014 by the President of the Russian Federation at the Congress of municipalities of Russian Federation and All-Russian Council for Local Government. The paper analyzes the problems existing in the modern local government of the Russian Federation and attempts to develop the proposals to address existing problems. It attempts to develop the additional measures needed to stabilize the situation in the Russian local government system. The suggestions developed in the paper may be used in the discussion of the reform proposed by the Astrakhan Regional Duma. The paper may be helpful to develop additional proposals to the State Duma of the Russian Federation for the local self-government reform. The study has already resulted in the proposals submitted to the Committee on Local Government of the Astrakhan Regional Duma for public hearings on the topic. In addition, the article can be used by experts and practitioners in the sphere of local self-government, by the high school teachers, students and graduate students in their research. The analysis done demonstrates the inadequacy of measures proposed for the reform of local government. It shows the discrepancy of the reforms proposed to the challenges facing local government. The paper identifies additional issues that require significant changes to existing federal legislation and practical implementation of state policy in the sphere of local government.
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Bilim Natalya N.
45-50
270
The article studies national discord among Far eastern youth. Ethnic diversity was a distinctive feature of the region before the Great Patriotic War. Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Chinese, Koreans, Japanese, and indigenous peoples lived here. Before the October revolution many of these nations... were treated as second-class citizens. In spite of great efforts made by cultural institutions, party and state authorities of the Far East, similar attitude to the Asian workers remained during the twenties of the 20th century. Offensive nicknames were given to Chinese and Korean workers. There were often beaten. Chauvinism and anti-Semitism were also common among working youth. The region party and state leaders believed the cause of that was the lack of sufficient advocacy among youth. Cases of chauvinism and ethnic conflicts were not analyzed and investigated. Archive and published documents analysis demonstrated that low educational level of the participants of the conflicts, insufficient education and counseling at work place, job competition and rivalry for better labor conditions were the main causes of the ethnic strife.
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Seyfetdinova Elina R.
50-56
273
In article on materials of Astrakhan diplomatic relations of the region of the Russian Federation with the Azerbaijan Republic are considered. The Azerbaijani national public organizations, as an example of "national diplomacy" in the territory of the certain region are analyzed. The role and import...ance of the concept "public diplomacy" for dialogue between neighboring states is considered.
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Marmilova Yekaterina P.
56-62
327
Voting rights Act was approved in the USA in 1965. The law prohibits discrimination in voting. Subsequently, it has been amended. The main purpose of the law is enforce voting rights that were guaranteed the 14 and 15 mandrels constitution The United States of America. This law is a key because it w...ill protect the voting rights of minorities throughout in the whole United States. The article describes the current problems of protection of the voting rights of minorities in the United States. Article was written in framework scientific research with Database ProGuest, which includes over 90000 authoritative publishers. The author concludes that the Supreme Court of the United States make the right decision by limiting rights federal states with a history of rational discrimination in this question. Human rights centers involved in the protection of electoral rights, using the capabilities of the country’s judiciary.
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Shilova Galina F.
62-71
319
This article takes a look at the questions on the role and place of Russia’s armed forces in the social system of the country, on the strategic direction and on their catalytic effects on the socio-economic development of the country as a whole. It is shown that the most important component of geo...political and social system «Russia» has always been its armed forces, which were formed as a social community and a big techno-economic subsystem. It was concluded that the strategy and tactics of the development of the military-industrial complex respectively with the times create a sustainable system of deterrence capabilities of competitors. Russia’s defense capability, providing shifting emphasis on support for science and technology-based industries and technologies in dynamics and in conjunction with the stages of solving environmental and social challenges stimulate the development of domestic economy and socio-educational sphere. The military-industrial complex as an important segment provides socio-economic optimization of the entire system of Russian society.
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Grishin Nikolay V.
71-83
315
The article discusses the emergence of new scientific direction, study of public policy and administration in the electoral process. For its designation in modern foreign science there are used terms such as "electoral governance", "electoral management", "electoral administration" and "electoral en...gineering". Electoral policy is implemented through specific authorities – election commissions, provided with normative legal regulation within a specific sub-sector of law (electoral law), implies unique political strategy and managerial techniques. State electoral policy is defined as public administration and state regulation in the sphere of organization, conduct and support of elections. The system of state electoral policy includes the following main components: 1) drafting the strategies and projects of organization of the electoral system by political actors; 2) procedures for making state decisions concerning the electoral system, their formalization in legal acts; 3) the activities of the authorities (including electoral commissions) for the holding of elections; 4) managerial techniques in the conducting of elections; 5) the activities of the non-State actors to ensure the holding of elections; 6) law enforcement support for the institute of elections. The paper substantiates comprehensive approach to the determination of subject domain of public policy and management in the electoral process.
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Budovskaya Olesya Vladimirovna
83-89
280
The article covers the ways how in the conditions of the federal relations formation local government, being a specific power level, promotes the formation of flexible management system well adaptable to local conditions, develops the citizens’ creativity and initiative, forms civic consciousness,... brings people together to solve local problems, appears to be an important condition for the stability, social peace and prosperity. The process of local government reform as a product of concerted efforts of the state as well as social and political engagement of the citizens is also a question of study in the article. One of the features of the modern period is the principal possibility of national and regional political and social associations direct involvement in local government through participation in the municipal elections. Organizational and political support of local government development granted by parties and movements is the result of many reasons and factors and in the first place of the ongoing process of social democratization, social management decentralization both vertically and horizontally.
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Novoselov Sergey V.
89-95
273
To date, the uncertainty of the status of the Caspian Sea is one of the few cases in the international legal practice, where de jure against reservoir continue to apply the provisions of earlier agreements, but de facto legal status is no longer able to fully regulate relations coastal States. And a...lthough in recent years in the five-sided format was signed a number of important international legal instruments to protect the marine environment of the Caspian, but a breakthrough in the final settlement of the main issue of the definition of the legal status of the Caspian Sea is still there. However, against the background of Russia’s international authority can expect closer to resolve the accumulated problems over the years in the Caspian Sea region.
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Sulimin Aleksandr N.
95-102
320
The article considers the transformation of state institutions at the present stage of political development. The author believes that at the heart of modern globalization is the ideology of neoliberalism which ignores the role of the state as a socio-economic actor of the world political system. Th...e domination of private interests in world politics leads to the denationalization of the political elites, to the emergence of corporations of the state as a new form of socio-political reality. Globalization based on the theory of В«open marketsВ» marked the dominance of big capital in the form of transnational corporations in many countries that use the state as an instrument of profit. The national elite, expressing the interests of corporatocracy becomes part in a maximum profit due to maximum reduction of social policy. The author notes that Russian policy is held in the waterway of corporations who are interested in the development of the commodity sector and to maximise income from energy exports, to the detriment of the system of national economic development. Therefore there is a necessity to return of the modern Russian politics of culture and values. The Ukrainian crisis, economic and ideological crisis of the United Europe growing importance of the Russian language in the Internet give the basis for civilizational scenario of globalization for Russia.
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Dryagalov Vyacheslav S., Topchiev Mikhail S.
102-111
336
In offered article the author carries out the comparative analysis of a current state of confessional policy in three subjects of the Russian Federation making the territory of Northern Prikaspi: Astrakhan region, Republic of Kalmykia and Republic of Dagestan. The author analyzes modern confession...al policy in these regions at three levels: mega-, macro - and micro, also reveals the main problem points. In article it is shown that practically in all Northern Prikaspiy the main problems in the field of confessional policy arise at megalevel and are connected with transnational religious networks of various confessional orientation. In the regional plane it isn’t possible to resolve them at this stage yet due to the lack of distinct both state and regional confessional policy. On macro and microlevel problems are solved by local authorities and interfaith communities at the level of boundaries - and intra confessional dialogue.
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Sokolov Aleksandr V.
111-118
330
Public policy is a sphere of the open coordination of interests of different stakeholders. The effectiveness of this coordination depends on the extent to which effective mechanisms of communication and interaction of these stakeholders, and therefore the mechanisms of public policy in general. The ...paper presents the results of the research of mechanisms of public policy in Yaroslavl region in the period 2009-2013. The analysis was conducted on 13 indicators by survey of experts of the three target groups of respondents: representatives of government, business and non-profit sector.
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Podvoyskaya Nataliya L.
118-126
258
Necessity and possibility of the political system study through the cultural-political approach are discussed in this article. The author of the artcile also examines the approaches to the concepts of political system and political culture. It is concluded that the fundamentally new approach to th...e political phenomena review, proposed by G. Almond and S. Verba, can be effectively implemented to the analysis of different political systems.
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Kiyashchenko Tatyana. A.
126-131
298
In the article outlines the key issues for evaluating progress economic activity associated with the replacement of Russian statistical standards SNA – 1993 on standards SNA – 2008. The study showed that the proposed new standard 2008 SNA does not solve the main problems of statistical evaluatio...n in the form of a non-equilibrium state of the economy, as well as does not create the conditions for the organization of a unified system of product evaluation at all levels of management: municipal, regional and federal. In our opinion necessary gross municipal product (VMP) to count in every municipalities. This will allow to fully determine the overall level of valuation for ME; to perform calculations production efficiency for innovation policy in the region and at the level of Defence; will differentiate the level of development of municipalities to implement structural analysis established product-specific ME region. Such monitoring by municipal formations in the regions of the Russian Federation is not currently produced. We offer concrete ways of improving the evaluation system based on connecting the of municipal level. Municipal product should become the basic indicator estimates of GRP and GDP. On the basis of this indicator is to be created a unified system estimates of economic performance in Russia.
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Tokova Leyla D., Kirilenko Klavdiya V.
131-137
421
In article the analysis of theoretical approaches of domestic researchers to a role of tax control in safety of the state is carried out. The nature of tax control, and also modern methods and forms of carrying out tax control is considered. Taxes are the most important source of formation of the in...come and ensuring financial interests of the state. Efficiency of functioning of any state depends on operating institute of the taxation and system effectiveness of tax control. Within this article the author considers questions of essence and a place of tax control in system of ensuring tax safety of the country. The role of tax control in system of ensuring tax safety is explained by its reference to elements of a technique of planning of tax revenues in the budget. The main function of tax control is an ensuring the maximum taxation and other obligatory payments in budgets of an appropriate level. It defines a place of tax control in system of ensuring tax safety of the state. The concept of tax control should be considered in two meanings: narrow and wide. In narrow sense tax control is an activity of tax authorities in the sphere of control of timeliness and completeness of calculation and transfer of taxes and fees. In a broad sense tax control is a set of measures of the state regulation providing for implementation of effective state financial policy economic security of Russia and observance of the state and municipal fiscal interests. Such understanding of tax control provides validity of the subsequent actions for its further improvement. Within this definition activity of government bodies isn’t limited only to checks, and includes assistance in increase of level of voluntary observance by payers of requirements of the tax legislation.
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AkhunzhanРѕva Inna N., DrРѕzd Рћlga V., TРѕmashevskaya Julia N.
137-145
291
In this article the urgency Рѕf implementing the cluster apprРѕach in the develРѕpment strategy Рѕf the Russian regiРѕns was substantiated, the peculiarities Рѕf initiatiРѕn, fРѕrmatiРѕn and implementatiРѕn Рѕf cluster pРѕlicy in the Russian reality were identified. The results Рѕf cРѕntent analys...is Рѕf the cРѕncept Рѕf lРѕng-term develРѕpment Рѕf the Russian FederatiРѕn and regiРѕnal develРѕpment strategies were given. The classificatiРѕn fРѕr the natiРѕnal level instruments depending Рѕn the types Рѕf cluster pРѕlicy was perfРѕrmed. The suppРѕrting cluster pРѕlicy and the directive cluster pРѕlicy prevails in Russia. The authРѕrs define the level Рѕf cluster pРѕlicy cРѕntext in Russia and reasРѕns Рѕf their inefficiency. AlsРѕ they prРѕvide recРѕmmendatiРѕns tРѕ enhance the rРѕle Рѕf cluster pРѕlicy in the Russian ecРѕnРѕmy in the whРѕle and in Russian regiРѕns.
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Markelov Konstantin A., Zvolinskiy Valentin P., Polovykh Sergey O.
145-155
269
The article deals with the role of energy in the modern development of the world economy shows the relationship of the world industrial development with the reallocation of existing on the world market of energy resources. The possible areas of energy development, determining the sustainability of e...conomic growth: improving energy efficiency and switching to renewable energy.
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Pavlova Inna D.
155-163
250
This article attempts to review a conformism as the obviously designated social-evaluative norm, affecting on the society and on the individual in the framework of society. The topicality for the study of this rule, that existed in the Soviet period, and, apparently, continues to reproduce to this d...ay, respectively, influencing on society, substantiates in this article. The definitions of the terms "a conformism" and "a conformity", as well as author’s interpretation of these concepts, in particular, in terms of the differences between them, are described. An overview of perspectives scholars regarding the origins of a conformism of individuals both within the Soviet and Russian society is provided in this paper. The preference of the situation consisting in the fact that public interests would be a continuation of an individual interests with the sufficiently high degree, opposed, agree the author’s position, with the conformism society as a distinct social norms, argued here. The influence of conformism as expressed latent social norm on the value of individuals on society is considered in this article. The expected consequences of this influence on the behavior and self-recovery acceptance of individuals are showing. Some sources of reproduction of this norm in society are represented in the article. The importance of learning a conformism as a latent social norm in terms of the specifics of its perception by the individuals argued in this paper.
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M.s Kalieva Olga, Lukhmeneva Yelena P., Mikhaylova Olga P., Sheptukhin Mikhail V
163-169
275
The article reveals the peculiarities of consumer loyalty in the market of mortgage lending. Initially, gives an idea of loyalty in terms of customer-centric business model, then it moves to the loyalty incentive. Further substantiates the need to build brand loyalty in the mortgage brokerage (couns...eling), tendencies of development of the market as credit brokers in Russia in general, and in the Orenburg region. Are: the structure of credit brokerage by major segments of the market, the results of a comparative study of credit brokers in the city of Orenburg, the assessment of the competitive position of Company "Orenburg Mortgage consulting company" and consumer loyalty on the basis of the indicator NPS. The results of evaluation of consumer loyalty built by the method Rayhelda.
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Moshchelkov Yevgeniy N.
169-181
262
In this article the author considers the stages of development of philosophical and political knowledge in West European and Domestic sciences during the last two centuries. The author investigates the various approaches in estimates of a role and value of theories which have played a crucial role... in the process of formation the political philosophy as independent scientific discipline. He allocates historical stages and the subject description of each discipline which was taking part in development of philosophical and political knowledge.
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Ryskeldieva Lora T.
181-189
263
Under the influence of “the turn towards language” and under conditions of interdisciplinarity development in modern philosophy, the search for relevant genre of philosophical text is emerged. In particular it concerns works in the field of history of philosophy since they can suffer, in philoso...phical meaning, a shattering impact from new philological and historical research. This article raises the question of relevance of special philosophical textology. Alongside with consideration of specifics of textual activity in philosophy, the variety of genre and its connection with methodological establishments of the research have to be analyzed. Three methodological provisions: 1) doxographic, 2) historicist, 3) hermeneutic – determine the set of studies in the field of history of philosophy in modern time. The first one is being realized in the form of neodoxography: comic books, stories about personal lives of philosophers, motion pictures. The second provision was traditionally realized in systematical and often multivolume study books and treatises. In modern time they have been substituted by encyclopedias and vocabularies, which genre is adequate to conditions of informational society. The third provision is of a great interest, since it made creative work development possible in the field of interpretation of philosophical meanings of different times, traditions and cultures. This creative work brought to life the whole series of new genres: philosophical biography, historical research, “reanimation”, op-ed piece (or publicistic article) on the history of philosophy, discussions-contemplations. Their introduction was influenced by dialogism of modern philosophical culture, its communicative component (the issue of the Other) and development of philosophical oriental studies.
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Shcherbakova Liliya V.
189-198
259
In this article the problem of perception of space and time peculiar to inhabitants of the Moscow state (the second half of XV – the end of the XVII century) is considered. The subjective perception of the specified categories during a certain historical era allows to see culture of society in all... completeness and variety. However the circle of sources on this subject is quite poor. Therefore it is necessary to address to certificates of the foreigners who have visited Russia during the studied period, and to analyse those data which, to some extent, reflect the specified perspective. And though certificates of Europeans in the matter are limited owing to specifics of a subject, it is quite possible to allocate necessary information. In article the following objects of the daily world of the medieval Russian which can be referred to category of space are investigated: house (and house adjoining territory: yard and service premises), settlement, country and "others" territory. At perception of time are analyzed historical, natural (biological), divine time.
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Skolota Zoya N.
198-205
278
This article examines human search for identity and self-presentation through creativity in the virtual space. Various forms of creativity, development of personal identity and personal presentation on the net are discussed. Two types are distinguished : consumer and professional. Features of both a...re discussed and disclosed. The principles of creative activity in the virtual environment are highlighted, which give an a number of advantages over real world and real art.
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Nemchinova Anna L.
205-214
273
In article the metapsychology of S. Freud who develops the whole complex of the psychodiagnostic and psychotherapeutic methods focused on studying and an explanation of unconscious mental processes and the phenomena is investigated. Ideas and the principles of a freydizm and a neofreydizm extend on ...humanitarian disciplines and address to judgment of culture, society, the person, world outlook and moral problems. In research that negative concept which Siegmund Freud standing at the origins of emergence of the definition "expressed an inclination to death" where disruptiveness is considered as a derivative of inclinations to death comes to light also. The author especially notes value of metapsychology of E. Fromm which gives humanistic understanding of essence of the person. According to Fromm, the biofiliya represents biologically normal phenomenon while the necrophilia is a phenomenon of mental pathology. Emergence of destructive tendencies in certain people is almost always caused by deprivation of their originally dialogical interaction in a family, school, higher education institution. The dialogical relations are more developed, the it is less than prerequisites for emergence of the destructive, anti-humane relations. In article it is specified that the person initially is not only tvarny, but also a creative being and dialogue promotes manifestation of this quality.
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Podvoyskiy Leonid Ya.
214-220
297
This paper analyzes how native Atlantis researchers characterize Plato’s ideal state, represented in his dialogues “Timaeus” and “Critias”. The problem of Atlantis including its government structure also attracts scientists not interested in Atlantis. Some of them study this problem with t...he help of the concept of “elitocide”.
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Toropitsyn Ilya V.
220-228
277
Article is devoted to questions of socio-political history of the Turkic sluzhily nobility in Lower Volga Area in the XVII century. On the basis of a wide range of sources the social structure of the nobility Astrakhan the yurtovskikh of Tatars is analyzed, are considered a circle of their powers an...d the responsibility sphere, legal status as a part of the Russian state, feature of relationship of the yurtovsky nobility with the local Russian authorities. Military service was one of the primary responsibilities of Astrakhan murzas Yurt and other members of the nobility, which was supplemented with instructions for maintenance of embassies. When this nobleman and tabun heads were independent of each other in their actions, as evidenced by their independent participation in military campaigns
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Karabushchenko Pavel L.
228-237
276
The fundamental point of the elitology ofi culture is the question of its subject. Who is the subject, who is directly responsible for its creation, its development, consumption and saving According to the author, the answer to these questions is to be found in such triad as “Creator”, “Patron...” and “Aesthete” characterizing subjects of elite culture. Their interaction is just the circle of problems, and which is “encircled” elitology of culture.
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Gaynutdinova Yekaterina V.
237-244
283
The research objective consists in analysing bases of formation of culturРѕlogical criteria of the concept "elite". Special value is gained in this regard not by the public stereotypes focused on attributes of success, and an individual way to spiritual perfection. The main objective predetermined s...tatement and the solution of specific research objectives: 1) to differentiate such phenomena, as "elite" and "elitism"; 2) to specify some characteristics and value of internal determinancy of the subject caused by its nature; 3) to define aspects of development and achievement of personal elitism (in particular, the main emphasis is placed on such requirements as need for self-updating, needs for self-development which put the main vector of development of the subject). The methodological and theoretical basis of this article is made by substantsional-active approach in the social and philosophical theory according to which the motive is connected with valuable preference in human activity, and its essence consists in the characteristic of preference something to something. Along with it in work methods of the comparative and structural-functional analysis were applied. A number of starting provisions of article rely on works of modern domestic and foreign scientists: P.L. Karabushchenko, K.Kh. Momdzhyan, A.N. Leontyev, S.L .Rubenstein; T. Parsons, N. Luman.
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Baeva Lyudmila V.
244-253
309
Modern youth movements and subcultures are an integral part of society. Ideology and philosophy of youth movements and communities, with all its varieties and diversities of phenomena is based on the ideological and value grounds, the study of which may contribute to a clearer understanding of the p...otential of this social force. The most significant role in the social activity of the youth movements determines their attitude towards peaceful and violent methods. This paper discusses the existing classification of youth movements, and proposes the author’s typology with position detection aspirations to extremism or pacifism, the degree of tolerance of intolerance, towards others. On the basis of the proposed typology can organize both existing and emerging youth movement, and other social groups with an ideological base.
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Mironova Yuliya G.
253-262
409
The article analyzes the regional characteristics of the demographic processes and demographic structures in the Astrakhan region. The study of demographic processes and the ability to control them, understanding of the changes occurring in them, both at the federal and regional level, have a great ...theoretical and practical significance. The article aims at analyzing statistical indicators of demographic processes and structures in the period from 2002 to 2013. The main source of information are the results of the All-Russian census , conducted in 2002 and 2010 , as well as the official statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Astrakhan region. The article presents a comparative analysis of gender, age and marriage – family structure . The peculiarities of the flow of regional demographic processes such as fertility, mortality, marriage and divorce are discovering. The phenomenon of cohabitation and non-marital births is bringing out. The author reveals the demographic problems of the region , such as an aging population , growing demographic burden on the territory , reducing the number of working-age population , the growth of the level of divorce and cohabitation . The author highlights the following features of the demographic processes of the Astrakhan region , demographic processes are gradually transferred into the European type which has characteristics like, decrease in fertility and mortality levels , steady process of population aging , the predominance of women over men in the older age groups , a higher age of marriage and age of children birth, high levels of unregistered marriage ( cohabitation ) , the growth of non-marital births , high divorce rate , and serial monogamy ( increase in the number of repeated marriages)
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Mantserova Olga V.
262-269
281
Nowadays the issue of the social mobility in the conditions of emigration is very urgent. The article is aimed at the study of the social mobility of Russian young people in the conditions of emigration to Germany and the determination of the opportunity to maintain social status gained as Russian F...ederation citizen by Russian young people or to increase it. The study object is Russian young people emigrated to Germany. In terms of the findings got in the framework of the qualitative research that the author carried out in October-February 2012 within scholarship program “Immanuel Kant”of DAAD, the position of Russian young people in the social space involving changing of the position in geographical one is analyzed. The main causes of downward social mobility of Russian young people and the conditions of their upward social mobility in the conditions of emigration are also determined.
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Baranov Andrey V.
383-388
238
Collective monograph "Spain: society in changes," edited Salustiano del Campo and Jose Felix Tezanos is a system research on the Spanish society’s transformations (1976–2010). Refereed work is done from the perspective of political sociology. The authors focus on the basic changes in social stru...cture, political institutions, party and electoral competition, social identity. Of great interest is the system of indicators of social development in Spain during the period of transition from dictatorship to democracy.
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Belov Dmitriy A.
388-391
235
The article analyzes the content and the main results of a monographic research about origins and evolution Pearl Harbor image in American public opinion during the Second World War. The publication under review is an author’s effort for making complex research with analyzes estimates during war p...eriod of American military and political leaders about Pearl Harbor Attack of 7 December 1941.
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Lebedeva Irena V., Lebedeva Lyudmila K.
391-395
235
The book by Michael Hartman, a German professor of sociology, elites researcher from Darmstadt Technical University, was published in 2013 and became especially popular and relevant in the context of elections to the Bundestag. The gap between the rich and the poor is growing in Germany. Social ineq...uality, tax evasion, low wages and the financial crisis – all these important political and social issues are seen by the representatives of the German elite with their own point of view, which differs from the one of the most members of German society. The book presents the results of Hartman survey, which was conducted in 2012. According to the author the German society should not only talk about the growing economic stratification, but also the division of opinion on this separation.
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Bolotov Nikolay A., AleksandrV. Gaydashev
395-399
263
One of the main components of any occupation is the economic policy of the invaders against the civilian population in their controlled territory. This aspect of the occupation policy is always the overriding issue in the development of plans capture any territory. Are always respected, how will be ...the economic relationship between the authorities and the civilian population, and to preserve the local currency as the existing or to withdraw it from circulation. Plan your attack on the Soviet Union, the German government has already had experience of economic cooperation with the civilian population in the occupied countries of Europe. In particular, the Germans occupied the territory was created Imperial credit Fund, by the end of 1942, the total number of which reached 52. The article describes one of the least studied aspects of economic policy of the Nazi occupation authorities on the territory of the Stalingrad region during the great battle between the Volga and the don. Based on the newly introduced into scientific use of historical documents highlighted features of monetary circulation on the territory of Stalingrad in 1942-1943. Important aspect when conducting research work was the fact that the territory was historically inhabited by the Cossack population, in relation to which the Nazi government conducted a special policy of "flirting". The paper also provides examples of handling cash during the occupation. The identified currency, were circulated on the territory of the region in 1942-1943 It is concluded that the process of monetary circulation on the territory of the Stalingrad region had been very conditional.
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Vorobev РЈРµvgeniy P., Belov Dmitriy A.
399-410
248
The article deals with the problems connected with the analysis of important sides of everyday life in Russian province town Tsaritsin before and during the period of the First World War and Great Russian revolution in 1917. The authors based on examples of Tsaritsin give the results of scientific r...esearch about changes of social, economical and political aspects of everyday life in typical rear Russian town and analyzed the activity of local authority in deciding objective wartime problems before and during the period of Great Russian revolution in 1917. Downfall of the autocracy, forcible overthrow of the established democratic regime of Provisional Government by Bolshevik Party and also political instability involved social and economical situation in whole country and in region particularly. This article just considered the historical facts that describe patriotic rage during the first war year in Lower Volga Region. The authors are attending the main attention for analyzing organizational issues of military economy, food supplies for all social levels in Tsaritsin and The article describes one of the least studied aspects, referring the tendencies of civilian everyday life during the period of monarchy, Provisional Government and Soviet authority. The article also considered the typical changes in everyday life, in clothes, in behavior of ordinary people, substantiated conclusions about conditions of refugees and prisoners of war, wounded and illness solders of Russian army in Tsaritsin in war period.
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Zavyalova Yelena Yevgenevna)
410-425
271
The article analyzes the poetic works of contemporary Russian writers, that are devoted to the monk Sergei of Radonezh, whose Russian Church canonized. Texts of S.M. Soloviev, Y.P. Kuznetsov, O.A. Sedakova, T.A. Shorygina, S.O. Nikulina, V.V. Afanasyev are analyzed in detail – on a rhythmic, phono...logical, lexical, syntactic, trope, figurative, ideological and compositional levels. In addition for comparing to this purpose and other materials, for example, less known poems – of V.N. Afanasyev, N.V. Kartashova, N.D. Saurina, V.V. Fedoseyev, L.I. Kuznetsova-Gorokhova and other. The aim of the research was to reveal the General and individual in the created portraits of the venerable. Is established, which sources other more influenced the writing of new variants of reading of story (The Life, written by Epiphanius the Wise, fictionalized version of hagiography, written B.K. Zaitsev, beautiful picture, painted M.V. Nesterov). Transferred, what motives are dominant in the works. Define the episodes from the biography of St. Sergius most often reproduced in ballads, legends and poems. Explains what elements in the landscape sketches, which accompany the narrative, are the most frequent and productive in terms of the symbolic disclosure of theme. In the end, the author comes to the conclusion that, in fact, all poets called meekness, spiritual clarity, simplicity, love of freedom main personality traits of Sergius. For them Sergei of Radonezh in first of all is the embodiment of national moral ideal.
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Bychkov Dmitriy M.
425-434
224
The article is devoted to the identification of individual copyright intentions embodied in the image of St. Sergius of Radonezh in the works of Russian writers of the twentieth century end. It is concluded that cognitive-discursive potential name of a saint. Characterized by primary and secondary t...ypes of author intentionality. In terms of the problem’s essay analyzes the poetics Y.M. Loschits «In the fields of lives» and the historical novel D.M. Balashov «Praise Sergius».
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CULTURAL HERITAGE OF POLYETHNIC REGION
Romanova Anna P., Khlyshcheva Yelena V., Yakushenkov Sergey N.
269-276
264
In this article the authors analyze several strategic approaches of development of the modern world in the conditions of cultural diversity. The declared recognition of all cultures equivalent and noteworthy and respect can’t automatically lead to chaos and disintegration overcoming. It is necessa...ry to elaborate the strategy of development and methods of it’s realization. Authors consider some leading strategy of world development approved in modern conditions: "cultural globalization", nationalism revival, multicultural strategy. "Cultural globalization" must lead to formation of global metaculture, revival of nationalism represents a paradoxical combination of processes of globalization, modernization and fundamentalism, and multicultural strategy is directed on transition from policy of individual "inclusion" and group distinctions in wider structures to policy of "recognition" of their right for existence as "others". Authors come to conclusion that all these strategy couldn’t solve all problems facing society, and therefore there is a question of development of new method, capable to solve problems of cross-cultural, international interaction without power actions and economic sanctions.
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Yakushenkov Sergey N., Yakushenkova Olesya S.
276-284
278
Cross-cultural dialogue on the frontier runs in the framework of the subject-object relations. Moreover, the Subject, trying to substitute an Alien in the natural and cultural landscapes of the Frontier topos, constantly goes to transgression, i.e. borrowing many forms which, being not normative for... the culture of the Subject, they are perceived as the most suitable for the new heterotopic landscape. Thus, the formation of a new reality in the conditions of the heterotopia proceeds in the form of transgression, i.e. an attempt to fulfill a cultural space of an Alien. This article underline the role of the transgression in the process of cross-cultural dialogue on the Frontier, a classification of the different types of transgression is given. The authors analyze various forms of transgression aimed at cognition or more precisely "consumption" of an Alien, that is the occupation of his cultural space in his cultural and natural landscapes. The authors illustrate in detail the various forms of transgression, giving numerous examples of the most diverse narratives relating, for both domestic and foreign history. Special attention is paid to primary and secondary factors of transgressive behavior of the Subject in the terms of Frontier heterotopia. Thus, transgression on the frontier is a powerful mechanism of adaptation of Frontier actors to the new conditions of the cultural and natural landscapes.
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Romanova Anna P., Topchiev Mikhail S.
284-291
279
Based on the example of the analysis of social and cultural processes the article shows epistemic opportunities of the frontier theory proposed by F.J. Turner and received further development in foreign and Russian researches. The authors of the article assess current state of the frontier theory an...d compare different versions of the frontier typology. A special attention is paid to a new typology earlier proposed by O.S. Yakushenkova, S.N. Yakushenkov and A.P. Romanova. This typology – early frontier, frontier, postfrontier and refrontier – was applied to the analysis of the Caucasian frontier change dynamics. The study resulted in revelation of new methodological opportunities of this typology allowing to analyze frontier not as complete historical phenomenon but as ongoing, dynamically changing social and cultural process. It makes possible to understand better the character of modern conflicts and confrontations of the main Caucasian frontier actors and to predict further development of intercultural communications in this region. This typology can be also applied to study other regions.
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Marisova Nataliya D.
291-301
279
The article faces the challenges of reviving the historical and cultural heritage of the Astrakhan region, in particular, the role of the industrial and patron family Lionozov (Lianosyan, Lianozov, Lianosoff), a well-known Russian businessmen, oil tycoons, salt fields owners, fishermen, who organize...d the World Trade Network of black (gray, Armenian) caviar, which later became Russian brand in the world of trade and industrial market. On the example of the architectural monument of regional significance "Manor of S. M. Lionozov", that was handled over to the Astrakhan Fisheries College in 1921 (The Volga-Caspian Sea Fisheries College, at the present time a separate structural subdivision of the Astrakhan State Technical University), where since 1996 the #museum of history of educational institutions operates, a possibility of presenting the meaningful historical and cultural space and the educational system of creating respect for the traditions of both students enrolled in the college and citizens who attend the cultural heritage, as well as visitors of the region by means of technologies of museum pedagogics. The prospects for further museumification of space alongside with the creation of an interactive exhibition are defined. A separate section is devoted to the questions of the implementation of the author’s museum and educational program "The Pre-Caspian Pearl of the Volga", which summarizes the gathers experience and is recommended by the All-Russian Museum of the dual education system for use in sightseeing and educational activities of the museums of Russian educational institutions.
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THE TRIBUNE OF A YOUNG SCIENTIST
Ryabukhina Julia N.
301-308
275
This article is about influence of political education on level of political participation of young people. The article is devoted to actual problem of the lack of not only system process on the formation of political literacy of young people, but also interested in this process of political actors.... The author suggests the systematization of the factors influencing the level and types of political participation of young people, in the article examines in detail the group “internal – fixed” factors, which includes political involvement and political education as its integral part. The article contains the analysis of the views of researchers to the phenomenon and aspects of political education and the statistical data on the dependence of the political participation level of political education. The author draws attention to the fact that the involvement of youth in the process of obtaining political knowledge is possible through non-standard and innovative approaches. To increase the level of knowledge of 14–22 years youth about the political system and involvement in modern Russian social-political, offered the project “The Political grammar”, practiced in Krasnodar region. The project consists of three stages, each of which is in the process of its implementation affect the following forms of youth participation: political choice, political consumerism, inclusion in the process of political communication. The author comes to the conclusion that the young people with political knowledge on parties, ideologies, the consequences of absenteeism, skills and tools of communication with political leaders, abilities to realize their ideas, will become a solid basis for a modern civil society.
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Ustinova Yana A.
308-313
314
In this article the problem of psychological dependence of the person from computer games in modern society is considered. Statistical data according to which the number of people got to this dependence annually grows. Computer games are the phenomenon of the information society which has got in the... last decades exclusive popularity. Virtual computer games became an integral part of modern culture and a considerable segment of the leisure sphere. They changed people’s behavior, generated new traditions, created new subcultures. The scientific interest to computer games and the changes in cultural and social sphere, begins in the eighties of the XX century. However the serious scientific results opening essence of this phenomenon still aren’t developed. There are the practical need to consider this problem from philosophical and cultural positions. In article the main attention is focused on identification of the reasons for which computer games attract modern gamers, causing an addiction. We try to give the social and demographic portrait of the modern game and studied the theory in a question of finding the reasons of dependence players from computer games. The special attention is paid to Burlakov I.V. research in which we can find the assumption of communication existence between structure of a computer game and archetypes of human consciousness.
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Melnikova Natalia I.
313-320
279
Conducted in all regions of Latin America reformist transformation 80s by the Presidential Commission on Reform of the State (COPRE, 1984–1999) initiated the process in Venezuela reflexive modernization (Modernization reflexive). This process of change, which is implemented by public forces in the... country Policies pursued COPRE has historical significance, as it allows us to take the measures aimed at overcoming social conflict in Venezuela, contributes to the deepening of democracy, which was conquered by great effort and which should be preserved.
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Panteleeva Lilia N.
320-326
279
The museum in the XXI century is not only the information center, but also a certain mechanism of sociocultural communication, which promotes preservation, reproduction and translation of cultural values. Today, the new communication approach at which the visitor becomes full participant of communic...ation process, the interlocutor and the partner is developed. The special role belongs to exhibition activity, active development of cultural tourism and interaction with the tourist enterprises. Museum positioning in innovative space requires search and introduction of modern communication methods, forms and means of the report of information to uneven-age audience. Museum tourism can be the powerful industry of the Astrakhan region. Certainly, museum collections and the research concept of museum’s development will always define its primary activity, and museum communication is only a way to organize this activity so that it became more effective for consumers of museum services. The role of museum and tourism as different cultural institutes intertwine, creating uniform cultural space, and in this space the experts of the museum is promoting a cultural heritage of the Astrakhan region.
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Dubinkina Tatyana Yu.
326-331
259
Article is devoted to the analysis of the content of activity of the main institutional structures in a context of the adoption of objective idea of modern Russia, activization of the Russian policy and formation of its image. It is traced as tasks of Rossotrudnichestvo, Russian President’s Direct...orate for Interregional Relations and Cultural Contacts with Foreign Countries, the Russian center of science and culture abroad, Interdepartmental council of the Russian center of the international scientific and cultural cooperation at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, within their competence, influence formation of image of the state, honor and prestige of Russia, perception of the country all world community. The conclusion that in the conditions of formation of information society when information volumes immeasurably increase, its substantial variety increases is drawn, the new technologies, allowing to transfer information practically to any distances in real time take root, responsibility of institutional structures for the direction and the content of their activity increases. Image develops in public opinion and consciousness, the effective institute of civil society which is actively participating in formation of global image parameters. Institutional structures need to create the foreign policy image of Russia inspiring her citizens and a defiant positive resonance in world public opinion. As the public phenomenon of the politician has difficult structure of influence on image of the country which is caused by diversity and discrepancy of communications of subjects of the political relations and a mnogofaktornost of their impact on various aspects inside – and a foreign policy image of the country. Realization of such influence is impossible without a certain system of the political power representing the mechanism of political influence by means of which image of the country is formed, there is its transformation and translation.
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Matveeva Natalya V.
331-337
266
In terms of socio-economic changes in the Russian society a central place is given to educational institutions, ensure the successful functioning and development of society. However, the current Russian teaching is complex, contradictory situation that caused system-wide transformation processes of ...Russian society. Difficulties are largely due to demographic problems and negative trends in the transformation of the socio-professional status of school teachers. In this connection it is necessary to analyze the status of the features of modern educators. The article gives the analysis of the public opinion polls that were conducted on this topic.
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Ivanov Sergey Andreevich
337-346
236
The information wars happening in regions have the features, characterised for each region, and similarity. Power vertical strengthening in the middle of 2000 led to the conflicts between governors appointed from above and the mayors of the cities elected by the population. So, this article is focus...ed on the opposition which has developed into real information war, between the governor of the Altai territory A.B. Karlin and the mayor of Biisk A.V. Mosiyevsky. The methods used during this war are studied according to the materials of the regional mass media. It is shown that the affecting of mass media has tensing character on consciousness and behavior of people in the conditions of information war. The conclusion is: that information war was an element of the intra elite conflict which was resolved using power administrative actions. As a result regional information wars can not be considered as independent elements of the Russian policy.
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Yakushenkova Olesya S.
346-353
243
Sexual culture of the Alien in the conditions of Frontier Heterotopia is one of the most important aspects influencing the formation of his image. As with food markers, sex is the most important factor determining our power capabilities (M. Foucault). And how could we not despised and feared not the... Stranger, however, and in matters of sexuality, we aim to take his place, bringing it in himself or his women. Special conditions of Frontier Heterotopia constantly gives us the opportunity of sexual transformation, or more precisely transgression, since our transition to sexual traditions of the Alien holds nothing else, as a certain sexual freedom and sexual realization, that is what we can’t get in the framework of our traditional culture, limited multiple standards and moral framework. Thus, montery the subject is easily transformed to a sexual transgression, because it gives us the opportunity to secure the right to dominance, the expansion of its standards and rights. And the more transgressive the subject, the more active he is asserting the power law, whoever is not able to claim their right to dominance, is automatically put on the lowest step in the social hierarchy.
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Butina Maria V.
353-360
252
Problems of new social movements in general and in particular of the antiwar movement takes on a new urgency to the backdrop of intensified social movements in recent years. Article examines the concept of the new social movements based on the consideration of mass movements in the world, acquired a... special significance in the period preceding the end of the Cold War. The paper attempts to identify the internal laws of the phenomenon common to all new social movements in general, makes recommendations for cooperation with these institutions, a forecast of the future of their development in Russia.
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Frolov Alexander Рђ.
360-365
257
The article deals with the form and the level of civic and protest activity in Yaroslavl region. The author analyzes the dynamics of civil and protest activity in the region in 2010–2012. The article presents data on the perception and evaluation of forms of civic engagement population of the Yaro...slavl region.
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Kotelnikov Aleksey S.
365-373
242
In article, the author considers some methods of illegal entrepreneurship, connected with corruption in the state machinery at the first years of the new economic policy. The author allocates following reasons of this terrible phenomenon for the state. 1. There is a low salary during high inflation.... Taken together with a «certain possibilities», which were given official post, this led to expansion of the bribery in the state machinery, especially in economic confusion 1921–1923. It is possible to add uncertainty of officials in stability their position in connection with numerous reorganization in the state machinery during 1920s. 2. In the Soviet officials environment in 1920s there was the opinion that the Soviet power will soon fall also all will return into place. The new economic policy was represented to people, as an example of obvious weakness of the authorities. In these conditions the part of the Soviet officials hastened to snatch the capital and to pass in the category the Soviet officials. During the pre-revolutionary period, their status was more prestigious than the official, at level of narrow-minded consciousness. 3. There is a weakening of the control from law enforcement agencies. for which Transition to the new economic policy and the reorganization of law enforcement agencies activity connected with it were rather disease process.
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Seryozhkina Ekaterina V.
373-383
328
The article considers workplace stress causes with a base of an author’s empirical qualitative research of IT Services and Software Engineering companies. Coping strategies of software engineers in France and their coping strategies depending on specificity of company’s management are also prese...nted. Employee’s perception of the stress is analyzing in the context of social-organizational approach. Principal stress reasons in the workplace are based on author’s empirical qualitative research of IT Services and Software Engineering companies (using methods: interview, analysis of documents). We also present coping strategies of software engineers in France and their coping strategies depending on specificity of company’s management. Flexibility of contemporary project management is advantageous for business but contains disadvantages for employees who can’t adapt to changing conditions. Stress is determined not only by management of company but also by software engineers work specificity and labor market trends as a whole. Specific character of software engineers work conditions “labors routinization”. This effect results in a loss of sense for employee’s responsibilities, his degradation and reduction in the company’s performance. However the employee in the organization doesn’t become a passive participant but an active actor developing stress coping strategies.
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