Issue 2014 No. 1 (38)

The assistance of the large neighbouring cultural centres of Kalmykia in the national economy specialists training

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The paper is devoted to the history of manpower training among Kalmyk young people in the neighbouring regions. A special role in training of highly qualified specialists for the republic of Kalmykia belongs on Astrakhan and Astrakhan State University, established in 1918. After the Kalmyk autonomou...s region was joined to the Nizhnevolzhsky region in 1928, the Council of People’s Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic decided to organize a special Kalmyk section at the pedagogical faculty of Saratov State University in 1929-1930 academic year. Subsequently this section became known as the "Kalmyk department". By this time some reserve for higher education institutions was created. It consisted of the students of vocational secondary education institutions. Graduates of these schools may be university students in the near future. These and some other practical steps of central, regional and republican authorities gradually prepared necessary conditions for the qualitatively new stage in the development of higher education in Kalmykia.
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Labor education of the youth in the soviet far east between civil war and the great patriotic war

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The article studies labor education as one of the elements of Soviet youth policy. Red Army soldiers and Read Fleet sailors were needed for the strengthening the country’s defensive capacity and delivering national security in the Far East region before the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). success...ful development of the Soviet Far East, establishment of industry (including military industry), modern machinery manufacturing required qualified workers, technicians and engineers. Youth, which eagerly responded to regional and state initiatives, played the leading role in that process. Labor education of the youth was supervised by the local Party, Labor Unions and Komsomol organizations. Young boys and girls were profession-trained at factory-and-workshop schools and attended secondary education institutions. High economy growth rate in the Soviet Far East before the Great Patriotic War required improvement of qualified and skilled personnel training, which became one of the most important political and economic challenges of that period.
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Activity muslim organizations of the Volga region in confessional education in the 1990-2000th

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Article is devoted to the analysis of activity of the Muslim organizations of the Volga region in the sphere of confessional education in the 1990-2000th (on the example of the Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov, Samara, Astrakhan areas, the Republics of Mordovia and Chuvashia). Begun in the second half of th...e 1980th so-called В«religious revivalВ» including Islam, and the period of an institutionalization of religion subsequent in the 1990th were accompanied by various kinds of activity of Muslims in regions of the Volga region. It was revived the institute of Muslim clergy and were created the establishments of confessional education and education. The reconstruction of system Islamic an obrazovakniya, Muslim educational institutions and programs of Islamic training became a paramount task in this direction. Now the steady tendency of increase of educational level of Muslim clergy of the Volga region that is caused by active state support of Islamic education and fruitful work of religious educational institutions is traced. However, despite these positive changes, it is possible to speak still about a low education level of clergy as a whole. Exit from current situation the package of measures on improvement of system of the Russian Muslim education, capable to become more effective in comparison with foreign Islamic educational institutions and attractive to the Russian students seems.
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Ethno-cultural development of the Abkhaz diaspora in the Arab countries

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The goal of the investigation is to show Ethno-cultural development of the Abkhaz diaspora in the Arab countries. The article deals with the number of Abkhazians and their resettlement, their life support system, socio-professional structure and spiritual culture....
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To formation of the concept of political service

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The article is devoted to the conceptualization of the term "political goods" in the market of political services. In clause the problem of definition of the goods in the political market as a phenomenon of the modern sociopolitical system based on principles of the market organization of economy an...d using in sociopolitical experts market toolkit of the organization of political activity is analysed. ХХ centuries which have developed in the middle the approach to the political goods as to a product of electoral activity in which the candidate on an elective post is considered as the goods, and also the approach to the political goods as to a complex a-mix within the limits of later marketing concepts are considered. The author it is offered to consider the goods in the political market as political service that allows on the basis of the multiattributive model of the goods developed Fishbein in second half of ХХ centuries, to allocate both similarities, and distinctions between services in the political and commodity market. The support on multiattributive model enables to consider the uncontrollable political factors listed by the author. The author uses the concept of life cycle of the goods, created by the American scientist-expert in marketing T.Levitt. Use of 4-step model of T.Levitt added subsequently by 5 element - «a phase of turbulence» allows the author to offer instead of 5-step model 6-ти the step model differing not political model of life cycle by presence of a specific phase - phases of a prepotent maturity which allows to characterize features of display ассиметрии distributions of political and other resources between actors of political processes in the market of political services. The author suggests to add existing 5-phase model of life cycle of the goods with one more phase of a-prepotent maturity within the limits of which activity of political party won elections including in conditions of formation of the coalition government is considered.
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Geopolitical Identification of the Caspian Region in Past and Present: Energy and Transportal Dimensions

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This article analyzes the changing geopolitical identification of the Caspian basin at the past and present. The main focus of his research the author makes on the specifics of the Caspian region. Caspian geography has made the energy and transit issues the key to interpreting the meaning of the rap...id changes unfolding in the Caspian-Black Sea area.
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An Innovative Strategy for Survival and Success in a Competitive Environment: the Singapore Experience

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The article examines the innovation building experience of Singapore, a country that was forced to follow the intensive development course as it lacked significant natural resources and because Singapore’s Southeast Asian competitors exerted strong economic pressure upon the country. Special atten...tion is paid to the authoritarian decision-making methods that were used when implementing innovative reforms. In view of the fact that the Russian government once showed it was interested in learning more about the city-state’s innovation building experience, the article author examined to which extent Singapore's experience was compatible with the Russian economic reality
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E-government under conditions of modenization of modern management processes

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This article attempts to explore the reform of administrative and management processes, improve information and analytical support of decision-making at all levels of Government by using modern information tools, the main one being e-Government. The authors analyse the difficulties and shortcomings ...of raising the effectiveness of regional informatasation. There are five stages of the transition of public authorities to provide public services electronically.
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Interactive mechanism ecosystem of networking public administration in the context of public policy in Russia

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This paper examines the role of interactive mechanisms incorporating social networks in public administration in the development of public policy in modern Russia. Subject of research - the networking ecosystem of interactive public administration in modern Russia. The purpose of the study was to as...sess the effectiveness of interactive mechanisms network of public administration and development of their capacity within the ecosystem of public policy in modern Russia. Functional analysis of mechanisms such as e-government, e-government, e-democracy and open government have shown that the versatility of interactive mechanisms of public policy development is to create a unified ecosystem that covers all the plurality of private interests, political and cultural patterns and styles of thinking and integrate innovative knowledge actors in formulating and solving social problems. Opportunities ecosystem interactive mechanisms can provide both strategic direction of state development in a variety of network structures design and development of alternative vectors.
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Ballots as a tool of electoral engineering

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The article describes the kinds, types, form ballots for voting based on extensive international experience. Analyzed methods of voting (ballots) in the world. The possibilities of election engineering affect the results of elections to representative bodies through the use of various types of ballo...ts (voting).
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Ways to optimize the electoral system of Russia

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At present stage the Russian electoral system needs a systemic modernization to restore its ability to provide the most important political function. The paper presents some results for the implementation of the research project "Optimization of the Russian electoral system from sanation to developm...ent." It is proposed to expand the list of elected officials, the reform of the electoral commissions, modernization of the system of legal protection of the institution of elections.
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The concept, nature and particular category В«national securityВ»

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In modern research on question of national security conceptual apparatus characterized unchecked, many different interpretations of the terms, the lack of a clear understanding of the issues and possible solutions. Source of "national security" is inextricably linked to the category of "national int...erest." But these categories reflect the different functions of national security policy, which is divided into two phases: the phase of formulation and implementation. Category of interest relates to the first phase, safety - to the second.
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Russia: between paternalism and democracy

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The article analyzes the problems of the modern Russian society related to the development of democracy in the conditions persisting paternalistic behavior practices . A characteristic of paternalism , as a basic element of the political culture of the Russians. Particular attention is paid to the c...urrent state of Russian society. Fixed reproduction paternalistic mental and behavioral practices with weak rooted democratic values and procedures. Identifies the need for changes in the paradigm of interaction between state and society for the future implementation of political modernization and efficient development .
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Digitization" of society in the era of globalization as a tool for total control)

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In the article an attempt of understanding the reasons of total control exercised by the social networks from the intelligence services of the USA for personal data and the personal lives of its own citizens and citizens of other sovereign States. According to the author, the main actors in this pro...cess are the owners of transnational companies seeking to ensure the stability of established market positions, the preservation of the economic monopolism and using the state as an instrument of political and military pressure to promote globalization. In these conditions, the total control over their opponents starts to become the basis of secret services perform a political order of the owners of transnational companies. On the extent and completeness of personal data which for specialists are complete characteristics of the controlled object (person, group, community, political leaders etc) depends develop solutions to mitigate problems.
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New model of economic progress of Russia within the limits of Uniform economic space

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In article the major questions of a state of the art of the Russian economic system, its dynamics and prospects of progress .Автор arrangement of social and economic system and level of development of a national economy are considered offers reorientation of model of social and economic progres...s of Russia from the point of view of optimum. In article the points of view of the leading scientific-economists СНГ countries, questions of problems engaged by studying and prospects of creation of the Euroasian economic Union are resulted.
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Features of modern regional assessment of (GRP) in the Russian Federation

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The article analyzes the problems of interaction between economic policy and the use of statistics. Is considered one of the major challenges in the field of statistics - the use of theory in the statistics calculations. As a result, features a more concrete ways to improve relations between the gov...ernment and the statistics using the current theoretical estimates. Key words: Power, statistics, correlation between Power and statistics, theoretical discoveries, the status of statistics.
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Characteristics of economic and trade relation between the people`s of China and the republic Kazakhstan at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries

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Article is concentrated on trade and economic relations between Kazakhstan and China. The author exposes the main areas of collaboration between two countries. Special attention is paid to the legal basis and financial resources in relationship between the countries. Based on the analysis of dynamic...s of trade and economic relations potential areas of collaboration in the future are determined.
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Nonstandard employment Russian labor market

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The article is devoted to the problem of nonstandard employment forms’ influence on staff’s salary. Here described the Russian specificity of nonstandard employment processes. The differences between the salary of staff, employed on the standard base and the salary of staff employed under nonsta...ndard contract are examined. The positive effect of nonstandard employment relations is demonstrated as a clue of solving the problem of unemployment.
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Cluster approach to the development of the Caspian fishery complex

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Investigated the existing approaches to the organizational cluster technologies in the fisheries at the regional level of the country. Their state and prospects for use in the Caspian fish industry Basin are evaluated. The special features of the functioning of agroindustrial and fishery complexes o...n the territories, the internal reservoirs of the country and Caspian states are revealed. Is proposed the model of the formation of resource effective agro-food and fishery clusters.
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Modernization of the archaic

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The dominant factor in the socio-political processes in modern Russian history are traditional cultural attitudes. Attempts by authorities in the 1960-s of the last century, modernize the society did not have and could not succeed because of the bРµzosnovnosti of the Western influenced units and ide...ologems popular consciousness. Four major levels of traditional Russian mentality, utopizm, sanity, rebelliousness, strastoterpie, alternately translated into institutional forms of social organization, forming a protective belt of sustainable system and Russian engine competing in its adaptability to the civilizational challenge.
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Linguistic, social and political constelltions in the transition from the “alien” to the “own”

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The paper draws a parallel between the linguistic, social and political relationships that are built on the principle of free dependence which is evident in transition from the “alien” to the “own”. The processes of interaction in the society, culture and politics, designated by the term con...stellation, are similar to the grammatical processes in the Russian language. Polyityipology of Russian language makes possible the operation of a large number of non-Russian words with the lack of inflection which is characteristic of Russian grammatical system. Thanks to this phenomenon the authors of the article could consider “free relationship” in other spheres of human life as the ability to maintain freedom in the manifestation of foreignness, despite the dependence on various factors, which will necessarily affect the mechanism of the transition of others to his own, as “foreign”, preserving freedom depends on the specific factors.
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Bases of positive motivation in development and quality improvement of personnel potential of higher education institution graduates (social and philosophical aspect)

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The key role in formation of the student as the highly qualified specialist is the higher education, capable to reorient the young generation, wishing to achieve success in career, to quality of skills which is necessary for this purpose. In this situation it can be considered the most expedient the... search of uniting bases in the system of conditions and means of educational process which will promote more effective and dynamic student formation as the expert in this or that branch. The purpose of this article is proving that the most important conditions of the universal expert formation are professional balance and positive motivation.
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Innovation and postulates Alexander Starostin (65th-anniversary)

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Overview of the main stages of life and scientific work of the famous scientist A.M. Starostina....
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The problem of efficiency of the power modern Russian political and administrative elite

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In 2014 the 900 years are executed from the date of death of the first Russian chronicler Nestor who made the most exact diagnosis to quality of political system in Russian state: "Our earth is great and plentiful, but the dress [order] in it isn't present". Nine centuries which have passed since th...en only validated his words. The Russian administrative and political elite shows a steady inefficiency and the lowest level of professionalism. And though, political leaders recognize an extreme inefficiency in the work of their subordinates, they became hostages of the system which have developed in Russia. All attempts to eliminate the reasons of such lacks by modern reforms, came to the end with sabotage of elite groups. Deficiency of political elite is covered in their low level of professionalism, the dominating substandard (shadow) relations when devotion to the administration is more important than professional qualities of the subject of elite.
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National Self-Determination and the new political elite of South Ossetia with the collapse of the USSR

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This article analyzes the process of national self-determination of South Ossetia and the role played in it by the new political elite during the collapse of the Soviet Union. The main focus of his research the author makes on the specifics of the formation of a new ruling elite in South Ossetia, to... identify its motivational component, which had a decisive influence on the choice of the final version of the South Ossetian self-determination.
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To the question about the development of Russian pedagogical education in particular university

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On the basis of the latest normative documents, projects В«Concept of support of the development of pedagogical educationВ» and В«Program of modernization of pedagogical education for 2014 2017-in the article the problems existing in the educational sphere and the ways of their solution in a single ...institution. The author offers adequate specific situation of structural and substantial changes to speed up the modernization process in teacher education. The new organizational structure is based on a network of community institutions pedagogical orientation and partners (customers). Substantial changes in the work presented in the form of specific objectives; identifies the ways of their solution; predicted results of the modernization activities. According to the author, actions to accelerate the development of pedagogical education at the Yaroslavl state pedagogical University Рљ.D. Ushinsky defined by the following objectives: improvement of the educational activities; human resources development; optimization of organizational structure and staff schedule; strengthening the system of social protection of workers and students; development of corporate culture and PR University; the modernization of financial and economic activity; improvement of the University management system; improvement of the scientific and innovation activity. The author is convinced that the extension of scientific-educational space of a higher education institution by means of structural and substantial changes adequate to modernization processes in education will facilitate sustainable development of the University as one of Russian Centers pedagogical education.
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Problems of teaching of disciplines of the organization of economic management and creative socio-economic consulting

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Analysis of the problems of teaching managerial disciplines includes the study of historical sends the realities of management, the etymology of the psychology of deviant behavior in youth environment, the technology of formation of innovative organizational and managerial thinking in the course of ...making their own decisions in creative student's environment and organization of systematic конферативных scientific and educational discussion seminar with developing consulting on research areas of project management .
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Communication skills as a factor psychological culture of teachers higher and secondary schools

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The article discusses and presents the results of the factor analysis and the socio-psychological training for the development of the communicative competence of teachers and higher secondary schools....
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The development of political science in the Astrakhan region (to the 10 anniversary of chair of political science in the Astrakhan state universi)

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Authors give the description of the development of chair of political science in one of the provincial universities of Russia. In article authors note success and problems of development of political science, growth of the number of qualified political scientists, constructive development of politol...ogical thought.
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Personality’s information culture of students: psychological formulation of the problem

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The article presents a psychological analysis of the problem of personality’s information culture. Personality’s information culture is understood as one of the components of general culture. It allows a person to freely navigate the information flows, to find the necessary information to critic...ally evaluate information and its sources. Information culture is an essential characteristic of the personality and its professional activity. Information competence is as component of the personality’s information culture. Information competence can be regarded as a special quality of personality, allowing to i information culture performs psychological readiness for use of information and computer technologies.
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Student youth in the regions as an actor of modern Russian democratization (based on the research in Bashkortostan)

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In connection with the increased level of political participation by young Russian student author explores values, motivation, knowledge about democracy in student community in the Republic of Bashkortostan using questionnaire, system and structural and functional analysis. One of the main conclusio...ns of the paper is that students are not sure of its political role, has no systematic knowledge about democracy and its procedures, inclined to radicalism, however, they have a democratic potential and desire to contribute to the democratization process, preferring the direct model of democracy.
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Groom and Govern: Native Interlocutors in Nineteenth-Century Asiatic Russia and British India

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This essay focuses on one particular aspect of the imperial conquest and colonization--a group of the indispensable intermediaries who provided the first and crucial link between the imperial government and indigenous societies in Asiatic Russia. Whether they served as interpreters, government offic...ials, or military officers, they shared a similar background. They were the native sons who, for various but mostly coercive reasons, found themselves in Russia, where they were schooled in Russian and sent back to the regions of their origin. They were a focal point of contact between the different cultures and civilizations, and a critical filter of information that flowed between the Russian authorities and native societies. Such individuals existed in the history of all empires and without them the imperial conquest and rule would have been impossible. Below I will discuss a few such individuals and offer a brief comparison between the indigenous elite in the Russian empire and in British India.
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Creative potential of multicultural model

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Multiculturalism is urged to solve a problem of interaction of the cultures, become aggravated in connection with intensive migration. However multiculturalism - the phenomenon rather diverse, here is the pluses and minuses, destructive tendencies and creative potential. The basis of multicultural m...odel - recognition of the fact of cultural diversity - speaks about the existing potential. Therefore, without rejecting absolutely idea of multiculturalism, it is necessary to look for more acceptable option where mistakes will be considered and ways of frictionless coexistence are found.
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The role of Indian and Missionary Schools in assimilation of Native Americans of USA

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The article examines the education of Native Americans on the frontier in the United States in the second half of the 19th century. This period is characterized by active processes of acculturation and assimilation of the indigenous population, and, for many reasons, women took an active part in it.... One of the special moments of this process was the formation of a large number of missionary schools and missionary teachers work in public schools. It is possible to say that the development of Native American education marked a transition to a new stage of the frontier - postfrontier.
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Social mobility of russian young people in the conditions of emigration

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Nowadays the issue of the social mobility in the conditions of emigration is very urgent. The article is aimed at the study of the social mobility of Russian young people in the conditions of emigration to Germany and the determination of the opportunity to maintain social status gained as Russian F...ederation citizen by Russian young people or to increase it. The study object is Russian young people emigrated to Germany. In terms of the findings got in the framework of the qualitative research that the author carried out in October-February 2012 within scholarship program “Immanuel Kant”of DAAD, the position of Russian young people in the social space involving changing of the position in geographical one is analyzed. The main causes of downward social mobility of Russian young people and the conditions of their upward social mobility in the conditions of emigration are also determined.
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Financial support of pedagogical staffs of the secondary specialized educational institutions in 1990 (on materials of the lower Volga region)

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In article are analyzed measures of the financial support to pedagogical staffs of the secondary specialized educational institutions in 1990 on an example of the Lower Volga region. The author allocates two basic directions of financial support of pedagogical collectives. In the ...first place, it is the central legislative initiatives, which were set as an object to approach level of the teachers` payment to an average level of a payment in the country. In the second place, are considered the specific arrangements, which were accepted by heads of the secondary specialized educational institutions, for preservation of the pedagogical collectives. In article is made the comparative analysis both the teachers` payment and the payment of the workers of another economic sectors in the Lower Volga region. The author comes to conclusion an inefficiency of spent actions for wage increase of teachers.
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Peculiarities of functioning of regional periodicals in the 1990s (with materials Astrakhan region)

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The article shows the main trends of forming the system of mass media in the Russian Federation in the 90s of XX century, using the example of the Astrakhan region. The author analyzes the process of formation and functioning of the regional periodicals under the period of transition. The author ana...lyzes new types of relations between authorities and prints. The specificity of the interaction between authorities and the local press is displayed through the example of working conditions for journalists, financial assurance of printed periodicals and conditions of dissemination of information.
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Military-patriotic organizations in the context of the evolution of civil society in Russia

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In today's Russia increased role of civil society in addressing the problems of military- patriotic education. Formation and development of military-patriotic organizations advocating for sustainable transformation and reform of the armed forces indicates the viability of civil society as an instrum...ent of democratic control. Objective - identify and characterize a subject position of military- patriotic organizations in the Russian public policy. The data obtained revealed the stages of formation and transformation of subjectivity military-patriotic organizations in public policy, which are inextricably linked to the overall evolution of the institutions of civil society.
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Buddhist culture in the west: tradition and modernity

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Article devoted to the phenomenon of Buddhist culture in the West. Traces the history of the spread of Buddhism in Europe and the USA. The author notes that as a result of the spread of the West directions and various Buddhist schools there gradually formed the so-called " globalized " or transnatio...nal Buddhism, which, unlike traditional forms is largely free from the context of specific cultural traditions. Pragmatism , tolerance , democracy and doctrinal "flexibility" of Buddhism enabled him to get the current global distribution . Buddhism has become one of the most influential parts of the sociocultural landscape in the process of globalization.
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Soviet State's New Principles of National and Foreign Policy and Turkey

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After the Great October Socialist Revolution's triumph the conditions in which national liberation movement of the peoples of the East was developing changed radically. In the first place capitalism stopped to be some integral and universal economic system. In the second place the Revolution destroy...ed Russian imperialism which was the worst enemy of liberty and national independence. The article is devoted to determinant influence of the Soviet State's national and foreign policy over national liberation movement in Turkey.
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Volunteering in the Russian Federation: the views and preferences of the public

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In this article, the author refers to the actual problem - volunteering. Indicated on the priority position popularize the idea of volunteerism among young people. The author analyzes the perception of Russians volunteering non-profit organizations. The statistical material of polls by FOM, VCIOM, L...evada Center is given. The paper classifies the population of Russia in terms of social activism on the bases of survey conducted in 43 regions of Russia: "real activity", "virtual activity" and "lack of public activity." The characteristics of each group are given. The causes of low level of dobrovlchestva in modern Russia are analyzed.
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Consumer culture of the Russian society: myths and reality

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Mass society creates consumer culture which is based on the program of consumption of benefits by all members of society. The consumer, leaning on available resources, fits into a framework of this cultural program. The consumer culture is a peculiar mechanism of people’s adaptation in society. In... different countries the structure of consumer culture differs. In Russia, owing to historical conditions, the culture of consumption has the pronounced specifics.
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Women’s Representation in Regional Parliaments in Western Siberia: a Comparative Analysis

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The paper comprises the results of the analysis of women’s representation in regional parliaments in Altai, Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Regions. Quantitative data concerning the representation of this category of deputies in parliaments throughout the 1990s and 2000s have been systematised; so...me general tendencies and regional peculiarities of women’s participation in decision-making have been revealed.
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Study as an effective way to improve the quality of the educational process

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This article discusses the process of education existing in Russia, reveals it’s features and differences. The main disadvantages associated with an excess of theoretical knowledge. A new system of education in the real conditions, in which the quality of student’s education increased significan...tly. Conclusive evidence of the effectiveness of this method is given, confirming the relevance in solving the problem.
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People of frontier. Review on the book by Mikhail Hodarkovsky В«BitterneВ», New York, 2011. 200 p

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Elitologiya in the light of cultural and historical traditions. Review on the book "Elitologiya: encyclopedic dictionary" / under the editorship of the prof. P. L. Karabushchenko, M., Ekon-inform Publ., 2013. 618 p

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