Issue 2023
No. 1
(74)
Kucheruk Irina V.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_9
9-12
334
The history of interior design belongs to a fairly young area of historical research, scientific interest in which took shape only in
the second half of the XX century. Now we live in a "redesigned world" (Ralph Kaplan), which determines the activation of attention to the past of
design, including... the past of the interior. This topic is especially in demand in regional studies, in the content of which much has been studied,
with the exception of the "material world". All of the above actualizes the topic of this study. The work is based on sources characterizing the
interior of Russian mansions of the first half of the XIX century, as well as on sources of local lore, in the study of which the historical-genetic
method and methods of system-functional analysis and synthesis are applied. The article emphasizes that having your own house with fashionable interior accessories and decor in prestigious areas of metropolitan and provincial cities of Russia was a measure of the status and wealth of
their owners in the first half of the XIX century. It is noted that during the period of the late Empire and the beginning of eclecticism, the concept
of comfort changed, which was reflected both in the changed layout of buildings and in the introduction of new approaches to interior decoration
Read more
Ibragimov Movsur M., Alishanova Malika H.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_13
13-16
309
The establishment of Soviet power in Chechnya determined its development for many
decades, the consequences of which we are still experiencing. The authors note that after the
February Revolution, the Provisional Government showed inactivity in resolvi...ng the urgent
contradictions in society. The Bolsheviks, having put forward political programs, slogans that met
the interests of the vast majority of the population, not only took power in the Center, but also
managed to establish it in the national outskirts of Russia. The article addresses such a
little-studied issue as the situational alliance of the Bolsheviks with the local Islamic clergy in
Chechnya in 1919 to fight against Denikin's army. The purpose of this article: to consider issues
related to the establishment of Soviet power in Chechnya in 1917-1920. When writing the work, the
works of famous scientists published both in the Soviet period and post-Soviet were involved. The
article concludes that in the struggle for the establishment of Soviet power, the leaders of the
Bolshevik government showed solidarity and devotion to the ideals of their party. Despite all the
negative assessments of the revolutionary transformations of 1917-1920, the authors call for respect
for the choice of previous generations. The accumulated experience must be studied in order to avoid
repeating previous mistakes
Read more
Efremenko Valentin V., Kalinov Vyacheslav V.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_27
27-31
406
The increasingly complicated geopolitical situation, the need to increase the
volume of weapons and their modernization is extremely relevant to the study of plots related to the
restructuring of the defense industry during the Great Patriotic War. The... purpose of the study is to
investigate the problem of restructuring the People's Commissariat for Armaments in wartime
conditions and evaluate the results of its activities on the basis of published and significant
archival sources. The basis for the study is the theory of modernization. The methodological basis
of the study was the principles of historicism, objectivity and reliability. The study of the
problem was carried out on the basis of a wide range of previously published and previously
unpublished documents, which are currently stored in the funds of the State Archive of Economics.
The main directions of the development of weapons technology, the mechanisms for a sharp increase in
the volume of output by enterprises, the factors that caused not only growth, but also the
improvement of qualities, and the technological re-equipment of the industry were determined. It is
proved that the People's Commissariat of Armaments, which carried out developments in accordance
with the requirements that emerged during the hostilities, managed to create a number of new models
of cannon, mortar, aviation and small arms, as well as opto-mechanical devices that technically
updated the weapons of the Red Army, and, as a rule, not inferior, but for the most part superior in
combat properties to foreign models. Issues related to the work of the People's Commissariat in 1945
to assess the production capacity of German industry, to determine the size of the reparation fund
that could be used to compensate for the losses of the NKV caused by the war are considered. The
conclusion is formulated about such a determining factor of the Victory as the state administration
system, which managed to mobilize all the resources. It was centralization and strict discipline
that could ultimately ensure the optimal manageability of state, military and political structures.
People's Commissariats turned out to be among the most important links in this system.
Read more
Nargis Afghanyar
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_48
48-51
402
The article is devoted to the development of Russian-Afghan relations in the field
of cultural cooperation. The historical and cultural heritage of Afghanistan has suffered on a
significant scale during the years of military upheavals and disasters. Ma...ny architectural monuments
were destroyed, sometimes, deliberately, for ideological reasons, museums were looted, the thirst
for profit pushed "black diggers" to illegal excavations. The world cultural heritage has been
seriously damaged. International contacts in the field of culture and education were interrupted.
However, it should be emphasized that some objects that were considered lost actually "survived",
for example, many valuable artifacts of the Kabul Museum, among which is the famous collection of
"Bactrian gold". This became possible, among other things, thanks to the help of Russian scientists
in organizing and conducting archaeological research. The Afghan state is taking certain steps to
protect the country's cultural heritage by building contacts in the field of cultural cooperation
with other countries, including Russia. Contacts interrupted by the war between the Russian
Federation and Afghanistan are being established in the educational sphere, which is characterized
by a rich historical experience of interaction between both states. Russia's assistance in training
specialists for Afghanistan helps to strengthen the system of national personnel
Read more
Letnyakov Denis E.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_52
52-58
351
The paper is devoted to the study of memory regimes in the post-Soviet states. The
author refers to the classification of memory regimes into antagonistic, cosmopolitan and agonistic
ones and aims to analyze the reason of domination of the antagonistic... mode of memory in the FSU
countries. The study reveales a correlation between the regime of memory and the specifity of
nation-building proccess, as well as the type of political regime. Formation of an agonistic regime
after 1991 was hindered, firstly, by the type of post-Soviet political regimes, a significant part
of which can be defined as an autocracy. The second reason is the processes of nation-building,
which were understood mostly as a movement towards a homogeneous ethno-nation, not a culturally
diverse civic nation. In this situation, the possibility of struggle between mnemonic actors, which
constitute the basis of agonistic memory, turns out to be significantly limited. A necessary
condition for moving towards an agonistic model of memory is the combination of an inclusive model
of the nation and democratic politics, which turns out to be very problematic in post-Soviet
realities.
Read more
Sigachev Maksim I.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_59
59-63
390
The turn of the 2010-2020s is characterized by crisis at several levels - global,
international (interstate), regional and national. The ethnic factor is once again taking on a
special significance in the analysis of political processes, including thos...e in the Euro-Atlantic
area. The paper analyzes European Identitarianism as a form of pan-nationalism, akin to such
pan-nationalist movements of public thought as Pan-Germanism, Pan-Slavism, and Pan-Europeanism. The
aim of the article is to identify the peculiarities of the current stage in the evolution of the
right-wing party-political sector in Europe. The theoretical and methodological bases are the
concept of divided societies, identitarian approach, the case-study method and the comparative
method. The identitarian worldview is considered as an attempt to adapt right-wing discourse to the
new realities of the post-Westphalian world order, in which the national-territorial state
undergoing crisis is gradually losing its role as the monopoly subject of the system of
international relations. European identitarians' appeals to pan-ethnic and cultural pan-national
identities reflect the objective fact that alternative political spaces (transnational,
sub-national, supranational, pan-national) are taking an increasingly important place in world
politics. At the same time, the question remains open as to whether the identitarianists are able to
overcome their marginal status and enter the mainstream political field.
Read more
Sazonova Tatyana A.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_86
86-90
274
The research contributes to socio-political studies of 19th Europe. It also
concerns the current issue of church politics. The article purposes an analysis of the writings of
Prussian statesman and historian B. G. Niebuhr and the interrelation between ...his political ideas and
religious beliefs. The interrelation is traced with the help of modern methods such as comparison,
synthesis, interpretation of results, internal criticism of sources, political textology. The
article is based on the works of German and Russian researchers. It shows the significance of the
religious component and doctrine of Protestantism in Niebuhr’s interpretation. His theocentrism led
him to the idea of divine natures of state and constitution. He also developed the concept of
“complete” Reformation and aimed to get rid of the “true” faith from the “religious” one as a
Protestant and Luther’s adherent. The concept became a link between Niebuhr’s religious beliefs and
his project of political reforming Prussia which included the implementation of local government
principles. The research results allow to speak about Niebuhr’s holistic belief system.
Read more
Zotov Vyacheslav S.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_91
91-96
241
The article is devoted to the study of the international activity of the subjects
of the Russian Federation. The transformation of the system of subjects of international relations
influenced the relevance of the study. The number of subjects on the in...ternational arena that
influence foreign policy and take part in foreign policy is growing. These include the subjects of
federations. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems of international activity of the
constituent entities of the Russian Federation and develop proposals for overcoming them. The
problems of organization of international activity of subjects of the Russian Federation are
revealed. It is proved that mistakes were made both by the subjects and the federal center. A
significant number of problems is related to the imperfection of the legal framework of the Russian
Federation. It includes the confusion of concepts, the lack of clarity in concepts, the ambiguity of
interpretations. The second part of the article describes the international activities of the
constituent entities of the Russian Federation related to the Caspian region. The importance of the
region is revealed, the problems associated with the establishment and development of international
activities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are highlighted.
Read more
Gaetkulov Emil N.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_97
97-101
288
In the western regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which are of geopolitical
importance for the Russian Federation, the format of political protest is changing. Therefore, the
article analytically examines the expression of mass civil discontent in ...these territories, and
determines its specificity. The materials for the study were 70 cases of political protests in the
west of Kazakhstan for the last ten years (obtained from the catalog of mass protest events with the
use of violence, compiled by ACLED experts), data from an anonymous survey of 138 Kazakh citizens in
Russia about their perceptions of political protests in their country, as well as about the
experience of their participation in such, 123 publications of the media of Kazakhstan ("Caravan",
"Tengrinews", "Newtimes", "Fergana.ru", "Сentrasia.ru", "Paruskg.info" and others), processed with
the help of event analysis, content analysis, system of comparative and neoinstitutional analysis.
Conclusions are drawn that the specific features of modern protest in the western regions of
Kazakhstan are: initiation on economic and labor grounds with further political motives, strong
pressure on protesters and intolerance to alternative voices from the government system, bloodshed,
criminalization, radicalization based on Islamic fundamentalism, decentralization and
digitalization.
Read more
Akhmatshina Enesh K., Luchenkov Ivan R.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_102
102-106
221
The study concentrates on the analysis of the activities of Turkish governmental
and nongovernmental organizations in the territory of the Adjarian Autonomous Republic. The major
historical period covered by the research is the post-Soviet era that pre...ceded the beginning of the
COVID-19 pandemic. The research questions focus on the Adjaro-Turkish interaction in the economic
and religious spheres in the specified period. The implementation of the Neo-Ottoman policy in
Adjaria is the central topic of this study. The paper discusses the historical processes that
determined the vector of Turkish-Adjarian relations. It also analyses the main characteristics of
the current state of interaction by Turkey's soft power policy in the area. The transit role of
Georgia in projects connecting Turkey with Azerbaijan and the countries of Central Asia ensures the
development of the Pan-Turkic direction within the Neo-Ottoman concept. Nevertheless, we should say
that the promotion of a supranational identity by means of the single economic and cultural space of
Turkey and other Turkic states, united by origin and a common religion, is much easier than pursuing
a similar policy towards a Christian Kartavelian-speaking country. Batumi possesses a substantial
transit hub necessary for the implementation of further energy projects, so Turkey needs to maintain
its presence here. Potential pipelines from Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan may be placed along the
Caspian seabed, by skirting the land border of Iran and Russia. Consequently, Turkey increases the
attractiveness of Adjara to Turkish tourists and entrepreneurs, strengthening its presence in the
life of the region.
Read more
Golovina Ekaterina E., Golovin Vyacheslav G.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_107
107-111
326
In modern international conditions, there is a historical change of two types of
structures: world economic and technological, which are accompanied by global transformational
transformations in the world. If the change of previous ways took place in t...he Western world, then
new ways are being formed in the Asian part of the Eurasian continent, which is in the focus of the
world community. Geopolitical integration processes of global significance are associated with the
past large-scale summits in the Central Asian republics (Samarkand SCO summit; Conference on
interaction and confidence-building measures in Asia; the first meeting of heads of state in the
format "Central Asia - Russia"; session Council of Heads of State of the CIS Member States; the
ninth summit of the Organization of Turkic States and the IV Consultative Meeting of the Five Heads
of State of Central Asia). The Greater Caspian also "participates" in the formation of the
geopolitical and economic space, based on the general principles of Eurasian integration. In this
regard, a priority strategic area of research is an expert assessment of the existing and future
geopolitical and economic landscape of the Greater Caspian. The study is based on the methods of
comparative and systemic interdisciplinary analysis, statistical and historical assessments, the
institutional method, political-analytical and other measurements. The results of the research made
it possible to substantiate the main conclusions about the objective nature of the transformational
transformations on the Eurasian continent, the growing role of regional organizations in the
consolidated participation in the international agenda and the strategic priorities of the world's
leading economies in the development of Greater Eurasia as a large civilizational project.
Read more
Chao Bingqing
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_112
112-116
316
China is currently in the process of emerging as a great power. In this process,
the country has reached a very high level, its GDP has risen to the second highest in the world, its
foreign exchange reserves have also ranked first in the world for many... years, China's comprehensive
national strength is becoming stronger and stronger, but there is still a big gap in soft power. The
«One Belt, One Road» strategic concept is now an inevitable requirement for building China's new
model of comprehensive openness and an inevitable choice for promoting shared prosperity among Asian
and European countries, making high demands on China's soft power construction. Against this
background, it is necessary to explore how to strengthen China's soft power. The concept of "soft
power" was proposed by the American scientist Joseph Nye in the early 1990s. Since then, “soft
power” has primarily meant cultural appeal, as well as the ability to shape international rules and
resolve political issues through persuasion and interest in cooperation. The article provides
evidence that "soft power" works at the expense of its own attractiveness, and not by forcing others
to do what they do not want to do.
Read more
Avdeenko Evgeniia V.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_117
117-121
199
The purpose of the article is to investigate the explication of mental processes,
structures, phenomena and mechanisms that become the basis for the implementation of effective
manipulation. The article analyses the role of the unconscious in thought p...rocesses. These processes
are studied to allow decision-making not only through conscious logically consistent thinking but
also as a result of some automatic, imaginative, emotional processes that do not necessarily require
the active functioning of consciousness. An analysis is made of rational and irrational thinking,
the condition of the human intellectual process, which allows manipulative influence on it. Methods
of breaking and blocking, as the critical analysis of information, are determined. The techniques of
persuasion are also studied. The principles of operation and the share of participation of System 1
and System 2 in the decision-making and behavioural regulation of the individual are considered.
This analysis is made of technologies and techniques that allow for discursive indoctrination of a
manipulative type. The basic individual need for security is considered to be a source of mental
phenomena and processes that ensure the effectiveness of manipulation. The implication of the need
for security in such mental processes and phenomena as: conformity, the need for social belonging,
explanatory constructions, discipline and rules, which are explicated in the need for descriptive
and prescriptive knowledge, is analysed.
Read more
Muratshina Yulia R.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_122
122-127
271
This article discusses the construction of the image of law enforcement
institutions in social communications. The importance of the communicative function of law
enforcement institutions is pointed out, its philosophical and legal aspects are analyzed.... The
existing problems in the communication of the institutions of law and order and society, hindering
its effectiveness and consistency, are noted. The relevance of the study is determined by the
increasing role of bilateral and transparent social communications for the effective operation of
law enforcement institutions in modern Russia. The methodological basis of the study was general
scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, descriptive and formal legal methods (in terms of
analyzing the text of normative legal acts). The theoretical basis of the study was the works of
domestic and foreign philosophers, political scientists, sociologists and jurists of different
years, concerning the topic of law and order, institutions of law and order and their social
communications. The result of the conducted research is the formulation of the conceptual
foundations and current directions for the development of the communication activities of the police
institute, as well as proposals on ways to improve the image of the internal affairs bodies.
Read more
Bibarsov Dmitry A.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_128
128-133
274
The article discusses the features and manifestations of the process of virtual
gamification in the economic sphere. The main features of the modern economic sphere, understood
within the framework of the concept of "late capitalism" are highlighted. T...he features of the
concepts of "production" and "consumption" within the framework of the temporality of late
capitalism are outlined, and a conclusion is made about the playful nature of modern consumption. A
model for understanding the concept of "consumption" in the context of virtual gamification of the
economy has been built. A socio-philosophical analysis of the main manifestations of the
introduction of game mechanics into the process of direct production, as well as consumption in the
temporal conditions of late capitalism, has been carried out. Using specific examples, the author
explores the possibilities of using game mechanics (including PBL gamification) in the economic
sphere of society. On the basis of statistics, cases of impulsive purchases within the framework of
Double Eleven sales in China are described, and the possibilities of using crowdsourcing platforms
in modern production are also investigated. A brief description of the current state of the video
game industry as part of the modern economy is also given, in particular, the main problems and
prospects for the Russian video game industry are highlighted. Based on the study of statistical
studies, a conclusion was made about the deepening of the process of gamification and the importance
of its further theorizing and socio-philosophical analysis.
Read more
Mednikova Anna A.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_134
134-138
235
The concept of "nature" is of greater interest since it is associated with a whole
system of understanding the world and human. Of particular importance is the philosophy of I. Kant
in which "nature" was of great importance. He analyzes this term, iden...tifies the relationship and
context that are necessary for the existence of "nature". In addition, “nature” was understood as
broadly as possible: not only from an aesthetic point of view, but also from an ontological point of
view, and also as a subject of science. The article is devoted to the philosophical and
anthropological consideration of the term "nature", since this approach is characteristic of the
late works of I. Kant. The term "nature" will be considered in the light of the basic question "what
is human?" This question, firstly, postulates an understanding of nature as a relation of human,
hence revealing to us the knowledge of human himself. Second, nature as such, outside of human,
according to Kant, remains inaccessible. The genealogy of this concept and its main characteristics
that distinguish “nature” from “world” are analyzed. "Nature" is thus shaped by the following
concepts: wholeness, systematicity, rationality, and necessity. Kant thus endows "nature" with
categories peculiar to human. It acts as a mechanism that partly explains the structure of man
himself, since there is an identity between the two. The only thing that "nature" lacks and that
human has, according to Kant, is the domain of the noumenal, which allows human to be free. If
nature is the cause of human's rationality, then spontaneity, which burdens nature and gives birth
to purpose, is recognized as proper humanity.
Read more
Kholova Lyubov A.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_139
139-143
308
This article examines the main Kazakh symbols in the context of cultural memory and
the current state policy of independent Kazakhstan. The author considers national symbols as symbols
that support and form the national identity of Kazakhs. The essence... of the symbols under
consideration is constructed in connection with the transmitted images of the cultural memory of the
Kazakhs and the new symbolic core formed during the thirty years of independence of Kazakhstan. The
paper correlates with a number of works by Kazakh researchers, which state that national symbols are
not just attributes of statehood and economic independence, but also important elements of
nation-building. This paper defines and analyzes the complex of crucial symbols of Kazakhstan as the
basic structure of national identity. The main purpose of this study is to consider national Kazakh
symbols in the context of cultural memory, to highlight their main meanings and indicate their
functional spectrum in modern Kazakh culture in the context of internal and external political
discourses. The symbolic politics of independent Kazakhstan aims to combine ethno-cultural, civic
and multicultural aspects of culture, expressing them in national symbols. Crucial symbols of
Kazakhstan form a sense of belonging of each citizen to the history of his country, the construction
of collective memory and national identity.
Read more
Vinogradov S. V., Romanova A. P., Krasnozhenova E. E., Eshchenko Y. G.
144
228
Mametev Ilya V.
10.54398/1818510X_2023_1_17
17-21
314
The little-studied local history aspect of the problem of the Bolshevik government
anti-desertion work on the territory of the RSFSR since the creation of the local authority to fight
against desertion from February 1919 to December 1921 is considere...d. The article, which is based on
the analysis of archival materials many of which were first put into scientific circulation, shows
the process of formation and activity of the Astrakhan governmental committee to fight against
desertion. The author focused on the study of the structure of the organs of struggle with
desertion, main strategies and methods for returning deserters to the front, as well as preventing
the male population of the Astrakhan province from evasion of compulsory military service. On the
basis of studied archival materials, it was concluded that the Astrakhan governmental committee to
fight against desertion has fulfilled its main task - the return of deserters to the front, having
managed to return tens of thousands of deserters to the front for the entire period of its
existence. The cessation of desertion as a mass phenomenon was not the result of the work of
government bodies, but a combination of objective reasons related to the end of the civil war.
Nevertheless, the work carried out had a significant impact on ensuring the protection of the
Bolshevik government in the territory of the RSFSR and Astrakhan province, in particular.
Read more
Krasnozhenova Elena E.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_22
22-26
295
The relevance of the study of the problem of the functioning of children's
institutions in the Leningrad region under occupation is due to the fact that the occupiers paid
considerable attention to monitoring the work of children's institutions and c...onsidered them as the
most important tool of the Wehrmacht policy towards children, adolescents and youth. The relevance
of the research problem was determined by its purpose - to investigate the problem of the
functioning of children's institutions in the Leningrad region under Nazi occupation during the
Great Patriotic War. The work is based on the documents of the central and regional archives. First
of all, these are acts of district and village commissions to investigate the atrocities of the Nazi
invaders, reports, certificates, summaries, witness statements. German documents are also of
interest, first of all, orders and orders of the occupation authorities, documents of the
departments of education that worked at city councils. The paper uses problem-chronological,
systematic, historical-comparative and statistical methods, which allowed to generalize and show the
features of the work of children's institutions under occupation. The vast majority of children were
considered by the occupiers as an object of influence of the Nazi policy of genocide and
Germanization, as cheap labor, if necessary as donors for German soldiers, did not actually receive
the necessary security, medical care, and did not have conditions for harmonious development.
Read more
Tetuev Alim I.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_32
32-39
301
On the basis of new archival documents and other sources, the culture in the
everyday life of the population of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in
wartime conditions has been studied. New forms and methods of work of libr...aries, reading huts in
rural areas with readers are analyzed: book-trading, mobile libraries, newspaper readings,
literature reviews, readers' conferences. It is noted that they have become not only centers of
culture, but also held events aimed at instilling patriotism and the will to win.The experience of
the work of clubs, radio, newspapers during the war years has been studied. Lectures, reports,
conversations, reading newspapers on socio-political and military topics were held in the clubs,
concerts were performed, films were shown. The features of the activities of the editorial offices
of republican and regional newspapers, which systematically covered the reports of the
Sovinformburo, international events and the internal life of the country and the region, military
operations on the fronts and other materials, were revealed. The role of professional groups of
culture and art in the everyday life of the civilian population of the republic is considered.
Theatrical, dance and musical groups of Kabardino-Balkaria performed in front of residents of
cities, regions, villages of the republic, soldiers and officers with concerts and performances on
patriotic themes. Difficulties and shortcomings in the organization of the cultural life of the
population of the region are revealed. It is concluded that the restructuring of the work of
educational institutions in the interests of the front and rear significantly influenced the
cultural life of the civilian population. Using new forms and methods of work, they supported the
spiritual life of the population of Kabardino-Balkaria, becoming a means of education, propaganda
and a source of short-term rest. In general, despite the difficulties of wartime, cultural and
educational institutions and representatives of the creative intelligentsia made a worthy
contribution to organizing the cultural life of the republic and mobilizing the population of
Kabardino-Balkaria to defeat fascism.
Read more
Bodrova Elena V., Gaytamirova Socita A.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_40
40-47
337
The article presents an analysis of the assessments, conclusions and
recommendations of representatives of various conceptual approaches to solving the problem of
ensuring the technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the st...udy was to
consider various points of view about the reasons for the inhibition of innovative processes in the
scientific and technical complex of the country; substantiation of own conclusions based on a wide
range of data. The relevance of the publication is determined by the fact that the increasingly
complicated geopolitical and economic situation necessitates a change in the previous economic
course, and causes very sharp discussions in society. The conclusion is formulated that a
significant part of the authors insist on the conclusion, justifying it with "depressing" data,
about the inability of purely market mechanisms to ensure economic growth and technological
breakthrough. The negative results of the previous period were the result of the lack of a strategy
for the socio-economic development of the country developed with the participation of all leading
specialists, taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian modernization model and the result
of the crisis that engulfed economic science, largely due to the commitment to the previous type of
financial and economic policy. One of the most important miscalculations was the non-attraction of
the whole society into transformational processes, which should be cultivated at all levels.
Currently, optimism is inspired by the emergence of new "growth points", free economic zones,
expanding forms of state support for innovative projects.
Read more
Burangulov Emil R.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_64
64-67
324
In recent years, new programs of state policy in the field of higher education have
been implemented in Kazakhstan, which is of interest to Russia due to the need to modernize higher
education taking into account new conditions. In this regard, the a...rticle, based on the comparative
historical method, systematic and neoinstitutional analysis, based on the materials of the author's
focused interview, identifies the main features of the current state policy in the field of higher
education in Kazakhstan (pronounced dependence on the Bologna process, rigidity of measures,
conditionality of the peripheral position of higher education relative to the European educational
space, exposure to specific socio-cultural influence)., it also highlights the trends of its
development (optimization of higher education by reducing the number of universities and creating
university leagues, expansion of academic freedom, increasing access to higher education for
low-income segments of the population, strengthening control over the implementation of educational
grants, opening branches of leading international universities in the republic, improving the
quality and prestige of higher education and its approximation to market conditions). It is
concluded that, despite the noticeable contradictions and obstacles that arise during the
implementation of state policy in the field of higher education, the Government of Kazakhstan in the
short term has managed to achieve success, expressed in the recognition of Kazakhstan's higher
education corresponding to European standards, in the entry of a number of Kazakhstani universities
into authoritative world rankings, in increasing the number of students
Read more
Kabaziev Manarbek Sh.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_68
68-73
302
The article is devoted to the analysis of the Eurasianism idea in the context of
constructing the political identity of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author proceeds from the
premise that the collapse of the Soviet Union led to the need for intensi...ve nation-building in the
newly independent countries. This task is dictated by the need to create and legitimize political
institutions. It was necessary to construct a new political identity that would unite the nation to
do this. There are several scenarios for the consolidation of society in modern Kazakhstan. It is a
combination of attempts to build a civil or ethnocentric nation. At the same time, in addition to
creating an internal platform, it is necessary to construct an identity at the supranational level.
This task is driven by the need to fit society into a larger context. The article describes five
scenarios of how this was possible. One of them, which was subsequently chosen, is the Eurasian
integration scenario. Its historical background, current state and prospects are described. The idea
of Eurasian integration was suggested by the leadership of Kazakhstan. It also gives a general
description of the EAEU as an institutional embodiment of the idea of Eurasianism. The main
institutions of the EAEU, a brief history of their emergence and features of functioning are
described. The difference in understanding the essence of this association in Kazakhstan and Russia
is also analyzed. There is a difference in understanding the goals of integration among Russia,
Belarus, Kazakhstan, and other participants in the association.
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Kazantsev Dmitry A.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_74
74-78
242
Today, the voice of those who support the foreign policy of the Russian government
get louder, as well as those who condemn it, although, to a lesser extent. There is not much
information about what the regional youth thinks about Russia's foreign po...licy at the present stage,
especially after the recent adoption of the legal norms of administrative and criminal law. Based on
the materials of a survey conducted among high school students in the Siberian Federal District, the
author concludes that the consciousness of schoolchildren in grades 9-11 can be characterized by
features of both “blind” and “constructive” patriotism. The younger the person, the higher the
possibility that they share the values of blind patriotism. On the contrary, the higher the grade,
the higher the likelihood of a student to be more critical of patriotism. Thus, the patriotism
switches to civic and (or) hybrid type. However, the special military operation launched by Russia
in Ukraine in 2022 has changed the course of affairs. Since at present time, according to the
survey, the number of supporters of the foreign policy pursued by the Russian Federation has
increased compared to the 2020 results, the attitude towards certain patriotic attitudes has also
undergone transformations. For example, in 2022, respondents began to identify themselves as
Russians more often. They trust public authorities more, as well as consider themselves patriots and
feel proud of their country. Nevertheless, if we consider the patriotic attitudes of students
through the prism of their support and non-support of Russia's foreign policy, things become
ambiguous. On the one hand, a polarization of the school community takes place, and on the other,
there is a trend to escape from answering the difficult questions, and from politics at all.
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Chulkov Dmitrii I.
10.54398/1818510Х_2023_1_79
79-85
233
Against the background of ongoing changes in socio-political processes, the value
of hired labor is being rethought, which determines the relevance of research on this topic. This
article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomena of neoliberal mani...pulation and propaganda of a
culture of employment and overwork. The article briefly shows how the transition from post-war
Keynesian capitalism of the welfare state to neoliberalism placed an emphasis on profit
maximization. Such policies have a negative impact on workers, causing psychological distress,
instability, pressure and a negative work environment. Employment in the modern world has become a
form of individual status, a measure of its usefulness, as well as a mechanism for alienating true
needs, which is reflected in popular culture. It is concluded that the national interest lies in
reducing the scale of economic activity and aggregate indicators, while at the same time expanding
citizens' access to social benefits, including through cooperative companies and universal universal
basic income. The methodological basis of the work was the work of S. V. Volodenkov, J. Ritzer, M.
Fisher, N. Chomsky. as well as other works of leading foreign and Russian scientists. In the course
of the study, general scientific methods were used, such as scientific observation, system analysis,
comparison, abstraction and the historical method
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