Issue 2020
No. 2
(63)
Kucheruk Irina V.
9-13
279
Artistic imagery is inherent in all types of design, but it is especially pronounced in interior design. It was originally natural for a person to decorate their home, and each specific historical period demonstrated t he features and style specifications of the use of artistic images in the interio...r space, which has its own geometry and time characteristics. XVII century in Russian culture has become a turning point and a peculiar situation when “new and old mixed”, reflected on the interior of homes, first of all, on the interior of the homes of the Russian nobility. In this regard, the author of the article is interested in the role and specificity of artistic imagery in the chambers of the first Romanovs and its representation in the photo reports of the anniversary issues of the magazine “Rodina” for 1913.
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Dorofeeva Anastasia A.
14-23
288
The article considers the historiographical aspect of the history of women's spiritual education, which was implemented in the walls of diocesan women's schools in Russia from the 60s of the XIX century to 1917. This period of the history of the Church, as well as the history of Russia in General, i...s considered a time of active development of spiritual education, and women's spiritual education in particular. This article contains a historiographical overview of the works of Russian researchers of the pre - revolutionary, Soviet and modern periods. The author of the article studies works at the national and regional levels concerning various aspects of the development of diocesan women's schools in Russia, considered by Russian researchers in the systems of women's secular education and spiritual education, as well as as an independent scientific problem. The article reflects General trends and individual approaches to the interpretation of facts from the history of women's spiritual education, reflected in the works of the authors of the considered periods: from the descriptive nature in pre - revolutionary studies, through the prism of Marxist ideology and anti - Church propaganda in Soviet historiography to the structural and functional analysis of the problem, complex, gender approaches and the actualization of regional studies in modern historiography.
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Romanova Anna P., Aliev Rastyam T., Topchiev Mikhail S., Dryagalov Vyacheslav S.
23-30
275
This work is a historiographic review of scientific literature on the problems of the study of pandemics and epidemics in the history and culture of mankind. The authors use the inductive method in the classification and presentation of research papers. In particular, the authors divided the reviewe...d literature into several groups: general works, specialized works on the history of pandemics in Antiquity, the Middle Ages, Russian History, anthropology and foreign studies of the Spanish Woman pandemic. The purpose of this study is to review research papers on the history of epidemics and pandemics in their various manifestations. This article describes the research work, highlights the main problems raised in them, describes the contribution to the overall scientific picture of the study of pandemics and epidemics. The works of both the pre - revolutionary period and the modern Russian and foreign experience in this direction are analyzed. This article is intended for social and humanitarian researchers studying the problems of pandemics and epidemics in the history and culture of human society.
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Pelevin Sergei I.
31-36
281
The article considers the progress of technology as a factor in the evolutionary formation of society. The balance between the external natural environment and the technogenic environment of mankind is analyzed. The artificial - technical sphere is constantly expanding due to the exponential increas...e in the number of technologies and due to the increased expansion of technology in the natural environment of humanity. The focus of the study is the unevenness of technological and social development. It is noted that almost always there is a cultural lag, the lag of socio - cultural development from the pace of technological achievements. The author turns to the concept of technological realism, which is focused on thoughtful inclusion, the inclusion of technologies and technical objects in the natural sphere. The paper explores the social problems of engineering and technology activities, as well as the social consequences of introducing high technology high technologies. Attention is drawn to the fact that technogenic risks increase in the post - industrial phase of social development.
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Savenkov Roman V., Sotnikov Alexander I.
36-42
289
The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of in - depth interviews conducted on the issue of electoral absenteeism among voters of the city of Voronezh. The study did not reveal any signs of protest against the government among absentees, nor did it prove agreement with the current polic...y. Refusal to vote in elections today is the result of indifference to the authorities and unwillingness to participate in useless (from the point of view of respondents) procedures. Among voters of Voronezh, low interest in political processes remains, both at the federal, regional, and local levels. The main factors that maintain a high level of electoral absenteeism among citizens are satisfaction with their own economic situation, a low level of trust in candidates for elected positions at the local level, and distrust of representatives of the political opposition. The results of the in - depth interviews allow us to conclude that there is no influence on the electoral choice of the immediate environment of the respondents. According to our observations, non - participation in the elections is to a small extent determined by situational factors. As a rule, electoral absenteeism in Voronezh is a deliberate decision not to participate in the elections due to the absence of utilitarian motives and reasons for voting.
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Buriakov Sergey K., Filimonov Alexandr G.
43-49
424
In the XX century Russia twice in its history radically changed its vector of development. Two states were destroyed, which at different periods also determined the development vector of the peoples living in Russia. As a result of this destruction, there was a radical breakdown of all spheres of pu...blic life, which were accompanied by tragedies for millions of citizens. The reasons for these tragedies lie largely in the refusal of reformers to rely on the particular nature of the Russian state and impose standards of Western values. The article analyzes the features of the Russian state and possible ways to reform it on democratic principles of development.
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Bocharnikova Irina S.
50-56
279
The study of modern transcultural space, interaction and mutual understanding of various ethnic groups in this space taking into account the paths of modern culture development, allows us to consider culture as a stabilizing factor in the sustainable development of society. The EU experience in this... direction is indicative. The EU successfully works to preserve the common cultural heritage of Europe, and also supports and promotes art and creation industry in Europe. Certain initiatives, such as the European Year of Cultural Heritage, aim to make a vivid and diverse culture accessible to all. There is a cultural component in the main areas of EU activity, including education, research, social policy, regional development and external relations. Each year, two European cities are selected as the cultural capitals of Europe: this gives an additional impetus to the local economy and makes local artists and the unique cultural wealth of each city in focus. Mobilization of the economic resource of heritage is the basis of urban regeneration. The Culture program, implemented in 2007-2013, with a budget of 400 million euro, supported projects and activities aimed at preserving, developing and popularizing the cultural diversity and heritage of Europe. The continuation of the European cultural policy in this direction was the program “Creative Europe (2014-2020)”, which provides opportunities both in the field of culture and in the audiovisual sector. The “Culture” subprogram helps cultural and creative collectives and organizations to work on a transnational basis and contributes to the cross - border dissemination of cultural works and the mobility of cultural figures. The MEDIA Creative Europe subprogram provides financial support to the EU's cinematographic and audiovisual industries in the development, dissemination and promotion of their creative work, which allows them to enter markets beyond national and European borders. In this regard, it should be noted that such cultural projects not only favor the effective promotion of the achievements of modern European culture, but also create conditions for active and creative development of national cultures of the EU. At the same time, it creates a unique transcultural space which is a factor of sustainable development of a society.
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Zheltova Ekaterina S.
56-61
294
Former French President F. Hollande, whose policies are generally described by many experts and the media as “ineffective” and “weak”, undermined the prestige of the presidency. As a result of such a policy, the concept of “anti - sarcosism”, which arose under his predecessor, developed ...into an attack on President Hollande-bashing. In general, with his presidential term F. Hollande finally completed the traditional political cycle of France, which began back in 1965. When traditional political leadership enters a period of crisis, the emergence of a new political leader is inevitable. Such an unexpected leader was the eighth president of France, E. Macron. In the article, the author considers the changes in the political vector and political culture of France with the advent of Macron to power. A series of comparative assessments of the French leaders of the Fifth Republic and observations of changes in the mood of French society and the political elite are given. The main domestic and foreign policy priorities of the new president are shown. The author also considers the features of the dynamics of the reforms introduced, their goals and, as a result, the public’s response to them.
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Lyubimova Viktoria A.
62-66
282
The article describes the impact of network policy on citizen participation in political life in China. Network policy was established as a new method of increasing the level of service for the PRC government, through which citizens can exercise their rights in obtaining information, expressing opin...ions, controlling and participating in management through the Network. Through online political platforms, citizens can also communicate with relevant departments regarding their interests, in order to protect their legal rights. The goal of introducing network policy is to manage, expand opportunities for collecting feedback, protect citizens' rights, promote the active participation of citizens in social management, provide citizens with an opportunity to express their opinion in a convenient format, and more effectively protect their legal rights. The article discusses methods of promoting network policy, the degree of citizen participation in political processes.
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Golovin Vyacheslav G., Golovina Ekaterina E.
67-75
285
The article is devoted to the political and economic analysis of the interconnectedness of the main international entities formed with the participation of the Russian Federation in the Eurasian space. The authors substantiate the specific features of the development of the most important entities -... the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the informal association of the countries of the Caspian region. At the center of the study is the Eurasian Economic Union, which is represented by the post-Soviet and, in essence, is the middle Eurasian space, within which the Great Eurasian Partnership and its megaprojects of development are being formed. The place and role of each association in transformational transformations in the space of Greater Eurasia is substantiated. Within the framework of the indicated configuration of international entities, approaches to pairing their geopolitical and economic areas, as well as the most important development segments, are considered. It is proposed to use the formula of parity, complementary partnerships represented by the proportionality of Chinese financial, economic and technological support in combination with Russian military - strategic (nuclear and non - nuclear) parity, as well as maintaining global and regional stability and security.
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Prasol Elena V.
76-81
279
The material of this article contains a study of the phenomenon of dialogue in the space of modern socio - cultural discourse. This topic provides a comparative analysis of the understanding of dialogue in Russian and Western European philosophical thought, as well as the processes of evolution and ...involution that accompany it. The Information society is analyzed as a new cross - cultural space of emerging forms of dialogue, which sets new requirements for all its participants. The process of globalization and Informatization, which is the most important regulator of social and cultural progress, is understood. Considering the Internet as a special form of dialogue in the course of intercultural communication, we can conclude that it greatly facilitates the process. The topic of forms of socio - cultural dialogue in the Internet space is touched Upon, it is worth mentioning some of them: forum, blog and chat. The key point in the development of modern dialogue is the idea that in the modern information society, dialogue loses its sacred function due to its implementation in the space of social networks - they a priori assume a public presentation of their experiences and reflections. This form of communication greatly facilitates the process of intercultural exchange, since it creates a sense of belonging of all its participants to a single earth civilization, and possibly to the space one, which partially destroys the barriers of interaction between representatives of different peoples, Nations and civilizations. The dialogue is considered not only as a cultural phenomenon, but also as a reflection of the worldview paradigm of its participants against the background of the final formation of a technocratic civilization
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Kharipova Zemfira F.
82-88
272
The relevance of anthropological issues, in our opinion, does not require detailed justification. The questions of human science, being fundamental philosophical questions, have never lost their significance throughout the entire history of the development of philosophical thought. An analysis of th...e concept of the Muslim ideal of man, identifying himself through the system of Islamic values and being the center of the search for religious truth, is necessary for the development of modern religious anthropology and proposing solutions to the problems of a comprehensive study of man. The article discusses the Muslim concept of man, which underlies the special position of man created by Allah. Islamic theology defines the essence and purpose of man through worship: “I created spirits and people only so that they worship Me” (Quran 51:56). The practical implementation of Islamic law determines the true value of a person. In the interpretation of human perfection, the main criterion in Islamic anthropology is the external fulfillment of religious norms of Islamic dogma and the acquisition of the moral qualities of an ascetic. In assessing human life, priority is given to the afterlife. The author establishes that the full implementation of these religious duties is hindered by the weakness of human nature, which, on the one hand, is perfect due to fitra, but on the other hand, is prone to forgetfulness resulting from interaction with the material world. The model of the ideal man in Islam was all the prophets.
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Palatkin Vladimir V.
88-94
323
Alimentary culture (production, cooking, food consumption) is an integral part of ethnic culture. It includes gastronomic rituals, meals, culinary traditions, specialized clothing styles, special shoes, cooking utensils, weapons of food extraction. The culture of food consumption determines national... identity. It is the main component of social, ethnic, religious identity, as well as an incentive for the development of artistic culture, a way of maintaining and disseminating national traditions and rituals. Each ethnic group as a carrier of a unique cultural code has a culinary code. This is the food intake code. This code is connected with the historical specifics of the development of people, with the natural living conditions, with the geographical location of the place of residence, with the economic structure and religion. Culinary traditions are the memory of people. They are in direct connection with the human habitat landscape, which determines its gastronomic ritual specificity, cooking methods and rituals of its consumption. The article reveals the essence of the phenomenon of nutritional culture. The article contains research on the functions of alimentary culture. Alimentary culture is an essential element of human functioning. It is an expressive example of the transformation physiological needs into the sphere of cultural codes. Technological and other related, sociocultural changes in human life provoke the emergence of new models “correct” eating behavior. But at the same time, the food codes that determine the traditional culture of the ethnic group as a whole are destroyed. As a powerful factor in cultural globalization, food continues to influence people's mind and action. Attempts to comprehend this phenomenon and its role in people's lives are carried out in studies of various sciences. New and traditional approaches to nutritional culture are studied from the perspective of ethnography, anthropology, sociology. Historical, cultural and philosophical studies of the everyday role of nutritional culture are rcharacterized by lack of demand. The article attempts to comprehend the history of philosophical studies of strategies for understanding nutritional culture, because the most obvious is the study of food traditions by means of cultural studies and philosophy.
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Kudryashova Ekaterina V.
95-101
274
The subject of this article is cases of a change of religion and the possibility of such a change, discussed on Internet forums. Web 2.0 technologies made it possible to organize mass discussions in real time with independent actors, geographically distant from each other, on Internet forums. Curren...tly, the Internet has a huge number of forums on religious topics, in which users communicate with each other, ask questions, try to find answers for themselves. A study of the content of Internet forums was conducted, where the problem of a change of religion was discussed. The reasons for the transition, the assessment of others and a change in attitude towards those who made the transition to another religion were considered.
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Ulanov Mergen S.
102-109
269
The article is devoted to the consideration of the role of women and the feminine in Tibetan Buddhism. The author notes that the tantric tradition, prevalent in Tibet, significantly raised the religious status of women. In tantra, one can note a certain dominance of the feminine, which was most clea...rly expressed in the vow of rejection of criticism and humiliation of women. In Buddhist tantrism, the feminine is understood as an important source of higher wisdom and spiritual energy. The tantra notes that all women have the nature of dakinis, specific female deities, therefore disrespect for them does not allow success in spiritual practice. In the Buddhist tradition of Tibet, you can find a number of stories about women who practiced tantra and achieved the highest spiritual realizations. Along with the tantric in Tibet, there was a developed monastic tradition that did not deny tantra, but adapted it into forms suitable for the monastic lifestyle. At the same time, the tradition of completely dedicated nuns (Gelongma) has not been preserved here. In the second half of the 20th century, among the Tibetan diaspora in India, attempts began to revive the Gelongma institution, which, however, are not understood by all representatives of the Tibetan monastic community. Another controversial issue until recently was the issue of women getting higher academic degrees in the system of Buddhist spiritual education (Geshe Institute), where men traditionally dominated.
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Fedorova Maria M.
110-119
278
The article considers the concept of modernity (as relevance, today), the meanings of which were formed at the junction of the philosophy of history and political - philosophical reflection. It is shown that this concept was conceptualized in the New Age and played a significant role in the formatio...n of the identity of Modernity as a radically new era open to the future, which determined its role in the formation of political strategies. Moreover, as the study demonstrates, the concept of modernity was focused on the (better) future, on the development of a common progressive line of development, and from this point of view everything that relates to the past seems to be non - modern, an anachronism harmful to political practice and capable of lead only to grave political consequences (Jacobin dictatorship). Gradually, with the development of the tragic political experience of the twentieth century, the concept of modernity takes on new meanings, becomes multi - level, “multi - voice”. Today, the concept of modernity and building political practices cannot but take into account the fact that modernity itself is not homogeneous and unambiguous. Today we are dealing with a situation where the discourse of modern traditional societies is revealed to some extent as the flip side of modernity, it exists and speaks like a premature world, but at the same time it is integrated into the present and actively influences it.
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Alekseeva Irina Yu.
120-126
271
Policy and administration in the field of science nowadays are largely based on approaches to the description and evaluation of scientific activities typical of the “knowledge economy” as a branch of economic statistics. These approaches cause serious problems concerning difficulties of interpre...ting statistical data and image of science in broader context of the “knowledge society”. The statistical tools of the “knowledge economy” do not make it possible to assess with appropriate accuracy the significance of scientific work for both the”«knowledge-based economy” and the “knowledge society” that contains such economy as an integral part. The concept of knowledge society takes into account various aspects of the “desirability of scientific results”, and not all of these aspects can be studied by statistical methods. Since the features of knowledge society may be inherent in different types of socio-economic organizations, the slogan «towards knowledge society» does not in itself reflect the essence of the desirable future and does not define what kind of policies will be implemented under this slogan. The inclusion of the fundamental political and philosophical category of the common good in the concept of the knowledge society opens up new way for study social process and the role of science in society.
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Kulikov Valentin I.
127-131
272
The article explores the ontological principles of the conservative concept of I. Ilyin. The first part analyzes the principles themselves: creationism, hierarchism, traditionalism, and organicism. In the second part, the author will substantiate the position that other research actions, including t...he creation of a metalanguage (conceptual and categorical tools) for describing the socio - political concept of the Russian thinker, become possible and implementable on the basis of studying the mental and ideological origins of Ilyin's political philosophy. The author emphasizes the organic nature of Ilyin's views and views throughout the previous tradition of socio - political research, as well as the harmony of his ideological ideas with the global trends in the development of political science. It is concluded that it is possible to present Ilyin's socio - political concept as an alternative to current practices and strategies of political changes and transformations, and thus to actualize the problem of interpreting certain provisions of the author's political model in the modern socio - political context.
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Tikhonova Valentina L., Zakutnov Oleg I.
131-136
288
The article analyzes the meaningful meaning of the concept of transgression in the works of French thinkers of the XX century J. Bataille and M. Foucault. In the modern scientific discourse, the use of the term “transgression” has become quite widespread. It is used in various sciences to fix th...e phenomenon of crossing an impassable border and, as a rule, the border between the possible and the impossible. J. Bataille was one of the first to develop the philosophy of transgression in the framework of understanding the possibility of a person achieving the fullness of his being by going beyond the rules and prohibitions imposed by society. The idea of violating and overcoming the boundaries of what is permitted covers a wide range of topics: eroticism, death, celebration, sacrifice, sacred and profane, etc. Man is ambivalent in nature, therefore J. Bataille sought to remove “binary oppositions”, reducing human and natural to unity (animal), life and death. The border created by society separates man from prehuman, from the realm of pure totality. The act of transgression is associated with crossing the border, returning him back to this kingdom, allowing you to survive the «totality of the real.» For M. Foucault, transgression is a violation of a pure prohibition that is not related to specific social content. Under such an absolute ban M. Foucault understood sexuality. The great transgressor, according to M. Foucault, is insanity. In general, both J. Bataille and M. Foucault associated the existence of borders with a person’s rejection of the low - lying manifestations of the natural essence, dividing the worlds into a profane, sacred, transcendental. But all these worlds are open to each other in acts of transgression - a leap into a new state. Therefore, the philosophy of transgression does not contain dialectical contradictions. in the act of transgression, a person becomes everything in his totality, he comes into contact with infinity, experiences it in himself, dissolving in it. But the act of transgression also implies a return to the previous state.
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Sobolev Vladimir A.
136-141
278
The article reviews the creative path and the main directions of the ideological and theoretical heritage of Alexander Mitrofanovich Kovalev (1923-2010). Kovalev worked for 64 years at the Lomonosov Moscow State University and made a significant contribution to the formation of political science in ...the USSRand to the training of highly qualified specialists. In 1995, Kovalev was named “Person of the year” by American Biographical Institute. The Cambridge University included him in its directory of “500 intellectuals of the world”. His name is included in the international directory “Who is who in the world” published in the USA (New-York, 1995, 1999). He is the author of more than 350 scientific papers, including 28 monographs. Kovalev was interested in the regularities of social and political development; political theory and practice of social development; political prospects for human development. He studied the influence of social revolutions; dialectics of relations between the state and society; problems of the world political process; class struggle; issues of socialist and communist construction, and others. Kovalev'smulti-faceted work,devoted not only to philosophical, but also to political science issues, allows us to rightfully call him one of the founders of modern Russian political science. The author draws attention to the fact that it is necessary to comprehensive study of the ideological and theoretical heritage of Kovalev.
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Saevskaya Maria A.
142-146
303
Zemsky sobor in Russia before Peter the Great, which topped the developed structure of Zemsky self - government, became a symbol of Russian traditional folk power. Seeking a conservative revival of Russia. Slavophiles thinkers from the second half of the 19th century raise the question of the possib...ility of restoring the Zemsky sobor as a deliberative body under an autocratic monarch. The call for the restoration of traditional forms of communication between the tsar and the people, symbolizing their historical and moral unity, has caused widespread debate in conservative circles. But despite the fact that even among the highest bureaucracy there was a response to this idea, the Russian conservative society did not reach a consensus on the restoration of the ancient institution. The absence of class unity in society, the multinational composition of the Russian Empire, the hypertrophic role of nobility in the political life of the country, all this, according to some Slavophiles, created obstacles for the restoration of the Zemsky sobor. On the other hand, Russian В«guardsВ» feared that Zemsky sobor could develop into Parliament or even into the Constituent Assembly. And yet, it should be noted that Russian conservatives, primarily Slavophiles, have made a significant contribution to the study of the history of the Zemsky sobor and political significance of this institute.
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Markelov Konstantin A., Martynov Igor A., Brumshteyn Yuri M.
147-156
286
The article justifies the importance of unbiased assessment and management of «foreign politicians’ images» in the minds of Russian citizens for solving various political tasks - domestic and foreign. The authors consider the content of the concept “foreign politicians’ images”; the main c...omponents of these images, peculiarities of their formation and perception by Russian citizens under conditions of wide use of information and telecommunication technologies; the “information redundancy” of the life environment of most people; the “information competition” between the various types of information and sources that are potentially available to them. From the perspective of the interests of various groups of legal entities and individuals (Russian and foreign), the goals and methods (technologies) of managing the formation of «political leaders’ images» from leading countries have been studied; ensuring the stability of perception of these images over time; “promotion” of information about these political leaders in the information space; ensuring its publicity, accessibility and demand among Russian citizens. The paper analyzes the following issues related to an increased use of the information and telecommunication technologies on the subject matter: change in volumes, structure and characteristics of information about political leaders from leading foreign countries in the information space, especially the Russian - language space; factors that have an effect on the need for this information in Russia; an ability to manage the structure and volumes of information about the leaders of foreign countries, coming to Russian citizens; peculiarities of their perception of such information, its consideration in the processes of formation, adjustment and use of these politicians images. It is shown that images of foreign countries leaders are formed under the influence of the following factors: topic-related composition, content, tone and volumes of information - previously accumulated and newly arriving; the approaches of different categories of citizens to the assessment of this information and its use, taking into account their age, affiliation to a certain socio - economic and / or ethno - confessional group, education level and profile, some other indicators
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Yugzov Vadim M.
156-161
273
In the article the author considers the features of the modern elite of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the context of changes in international politics and the new round of aggravation of relations with the West. The object of the study is the political elite of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The su...bject of the study is events that have led to a deterioration in relations with the West. The purpose of this article is to analyze the established political system in IRI, define the internal political antagonists and their goals in the domestic and foreign policy of Iran.
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Sarakaeva Asya A., Zhou Lixia, Lebedeva Irena V.
162-168
274
The article deals with the notion of Hero in its interconnection with Fate in the epic “The Nibelungenlied”. The author suggests that within the epic and the collective mindset of medieval Germanic military elite foreseeing one’s fate is a sign of a real hero. Early medieval Germans were liter...ally bewitched by heroic death, not without reason only those who fell in battle were honored with a glorious death in Valhalla. Therefore, it is logical that the leaders, whose will pushed hundreds of other people to this noble death, occupied a special place in the collective imagination of the Germanic peoples. The described understanding of heroics was typical for paramilitary feudal elites of Germanic societies
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Grishin Nikolai V.
169-170
273
The book of P. Norris and R. Inglehart is one of the largest works devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of far right or authoritarian populism in Western countries. The authors propose a “general theory” of authoritarian populism based on the previous theoretical constructions o...f R. Inglehart on post - materialism and “silent revolution”. The economic, demographic, cultural prerequisites and limitations of the modern upsurge of authoritarian populism are revealed.
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