The category of ressentiment has taken on a "rebirth" in recent years. Foreign and Russian philosophers, sociologists, political scientists and psychologists are increasingly turning to the study of this phenomenon. One of the reasons for such a high interest is the actualization of the “conflict” of humanism and antihumanism, morality and immorality in modern society. The actualization of the issue of ressentiment is also due to an increase in destructive manifestations in society, creating conditions for the ressentiment formation. It should be admitted, that in recent years opposing positions have been formed in the socio-humanitarian discourse regarding the problem of ressentiment. Humanists, recognizing ressentiment as a negative social phenomenon, call for the rejection of all forms of violence and aim at finding compromises in resolving social conflicts. The postmodern position is opposite. Its essence lies in the recognition of ressentiment as one of the ways to defend the rights of people. It was the ambivalence of the positions that directed the author to study the problematics of ressentiment and to identify the main factors of its formation. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was formed by the ressentimentological approach of F. Nietzsche, his ideas of the neo-romantic «philosophy of life», the phenomenological method of M. Scheler, the civilizational approach of V. S. Stepin. Methods are proposed to prevent the formation of ressentiment as a destructive phenomenon.
