The research objective of the article is the study of the peasant protest in the territory of the Astrakhan province during the civil war on the example of the events of 1918, when the spearhead of peasant resistance was directed against the military mobilization measures and food policy carried out by local authorities. The armed confrontation with the Soviet regime was caused by the rejection of the peasantry, tired of wars and social upheavals, extraordinary methods of mobilization into the Red Army, numerous requisitions and related violations. "Peasant rebellion" manifested itself in the form of armed resistance or peaceful protest as a response to the exorbitant "hardships and injustices" caused by the new government. It seems relevant and significant to study the scientific issue based on the materials of the Astrakhan province, where Soviet power was established in January 1918, and as soon as in the spring and summer there was a wave of peasant discontent with the policy of extraordinary requisition, confiscation, mobilization measures. Firstly, due to insufficient study of the issue in regional historiography, replete with ideological assessments of the events by Soviet historians, and secondly, due to the need to supplement the all-Russian picture of the peasant protest movement with new sources of the regional level, the results of the analysis of the facts from the standpoint of modern methodological approaches. The systematic approach made it possible to consider the problem under study in a set of factors that reflected the reasons, course, results of protest actions of the peasants of the Astrakhan province in the period under study. The research involves special historical methods: historical-genetic, historical-typological and historical-comparative. The source base of the study was the materials from the funds of the State Archives of the Astrakhan Region. The article reflects the results of studying the causes, intensity and forms of manifestation of peasant protest in the Astrakhan province at the initial stage of the civil war. The study reveals the main reasons for the discontent of the peasantry and the forms of peasant protest-public statements against the policies of the Soviet regime, scattered uprisings of the peas- antry, riots and revolts. New sources have been introduced into scientific circulation.
