The article reviews basic theoretical and methodological principles of self - organization Russian Federation’s modern civil society. With using of A. Tokvil’s and Y.Habermas’ scientific approach, to determination of actors, resources, which is necessary for modern civil society self-organization process, author stress attention on Russian society’s problems of self - organization. In terms of A.Tokvill’s methodology author describes features of transformation process in relationships between government and society; reasons of changes civil society’s participation in political process; factors of new civil initiative appearance. Analysis of communication process as tool of self-organization in theory of Y. Habermas helps to find main problems of communication between modern Russian’s state and civil society. The field for future researches of self - organization Russian Federation’s modern civil society needs additional analysis institutional barriers, which limits potential of civil self-organization; valuation of technologies, which provide competitive advantages in civil society’s communication; determination of key factors, which make an influence on self-organization of citizens. Also, it is necessary to observe conditions of citizen’s motivation improvement for self-organization, evaluate using government’s support of civil initiative.
