The article examines the impact of the transition to the accelerated construction of socialism in the formulation and solution of problems of the cultural revolution in the countryside. It is shown that in 1927 there was a fundamental reversal of party politics. Before that time, the main concern of the CPSU (b) was closer to the middle peasants, then 1927-1928 - with the poor, and agricultural laborers. As a result, the adjustment problems of the “cultural revolution” led to the fore two key areas of the Bolshevik policy in the countryside. In the area of industrial promotion was a transition from “uplifters” an aggressive propaganda of collectivization. In the political sphere, while limiting the admission of peasants into the party, the focus has shifted from the poor and middle peasants on a farm laborer.
