Modernization is a national challenge China in the XXI century and carried out within the political and socio-economic transformation. The author pays special attention on the peculiarities of the Chinese model of modernization in the political sphere, where always there is a gradual democratization of both the inner-life and representative bodies and administrative mechanisms.It is noted that in the context of China's modernization is almost impossible without a large-scale reliance on traditional systems of ethical, spiritual and intellectual values.