The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of ancient sources on the peoples of the western Caspian region in comparison with the geological history of the region. The author sought to identify the influence of geological factors on the development of the peoples of the western Caspian region. It is noted that the peoples of the western Caspian region once cut off the natural landscape and the final isolation of the Caspian Sea from the World Ocean existed under enclave (isolated) development. This has led to the delay of economic, political and cultural development. Of particular note is the absence of almost all the nations of the Caspian commercial and military fleet that undeniable indicator of technological backwardness. This explains why so late appearance of Albanians and other peoples of the Western Caspian region in the world political arena, when the world was already divided between the powerful empires. This in turn facilitated the conquest of these territories in the period of "the great migration of peoples." It is concluded that a closed, isolated development of the peoples of the western Caspian region depended on the natural (geological) conditions of the area, which in turn affected the backlog of their political, socioeconomic and cultural development.
