The author is analyzes the first stage of Soviet-Mongol relations from the People's Revolution in Mongolia in 1921 to the end of Great Patriotic War. There were the priorities for the new republic: the establishment of their independent national statehood, the building a system of foreign policy contacts, the solving a complex of interior socio-economic and cultural-educational tasks. The Soviet Union was played an important role for Mongolia in resolving of these tasks. The author shows the difficulties, which faced by the Mongol People's Republic in the sphere of the public education. There were the several main directions, which the RSFSR/USSR helped the MPR. USSR accepted Mongol youth for study at secondary and higher educational institutions; sent qualified educators and scientific workers to the MPR for training the national staff; assisted the opening of technical schools and the first Mongol State University; provided free assistance in material and technical, educational and methodological support to the Mongol educational institutions, etc.
