Theassuring of the public order, the state and public safety was an indispensable condition of the reliable functioning of the rear of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War, realization of the effective military mobilization measures and creation of the local self-defense system. In the article are shown the main directions in the work of the power structures in the field of the maintenance of a public order of the Volga River basin during the war period. Herewith the special attention is given to the questions of the organization of the local anti-aircraft defence, the maintenance of the important objects, the inspection of the condition of the passport regime, the struggle with deserters and sabs. The lines of this activity are analyzed and the forms and methods of its realization are shown. In the article is reported that such measures are devoted to solve the problem in the Volga River basin of the maintenance of a public order and by that are promoted to the reinforcement of the defence of the region during war period.
