The anthropology of consciousness in the works of F. M. Dostoevsky and A. P. Platonov

10.54398/1818510Х_2024_1_199

Annotation

In the article, the author compares the understanding of human consciousness in the works of F. M. Dostoevsky and A. P. Platonov. The main works involved in the study are the novellas by A. P. Platonov “The Pit” and the novel “Chevengur”, as well as the works of F. M. Dostoevsky “The Double” and “Notes from the Underground”. The auxiliary methods of the scientific article are comparative and textual analysis, and the main one is anthropological, as such, which will help achieve the purpose of this article, namely: to identify the difference in understanding consciousness and human duality in the views of F. M. Dostoevsky and A. P. Platonov. In both cases, the reason for a person's duality is the presence of consciousness in him. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author, giving a comparative analysis of the understanding of human consciousness in the space of philosophy by F. M. Dostoevsky and A. P. Platonov, comes to the conclusion that the duality of human nature generated by consciousness has the same reason among thinkers, but completely different consequences. The “intensely conscious” person of F. M. Dostoevsky, thanks to consciousness, exposes existence to radical reduction, freeing up space for the inner. He dreams and lives in the world of the given, not the existent, i.e. doubles the world to a picture of the world, thus filling reality with meanings created in the horizon of consciousness. Consciousness in A. P. Platonov also entails the duality of human existence, but this duality is perceived by a person exclusively tragically. The isolation of a person from the world and the inability to merge with it generates in the heroes of A. P. Platonov a sense of the meaninglessness of the world, bitterness and fear. In addition, the very duality of man is understood differently by thinkers. The “Dual man” by F. M. Dostoevsky is someone who is divided inside one of his consciousness, crucified between reality and a dream, and A. P. Platonov's “dual man” is someone who suffers from the inability to connect the inner and the outer, which turns into the formula for him “grief lives in me like a substance” (A. P. Platonov).

Keywords

• consciousness
• absurdity
• philosophical anthropology
• F. M. Dostoevsky
• A. P. Platonov
• man
• “underground man”
• A. Camus
• “dual man”
• dream
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References

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