The impact of natural and climatic factors on demographic processes (Using the Republic of Kalmykia as a case study)

10.54398/1818510Х_2023_2_122

Annotation

To ensure a country’s national security, preserving its population is a must. Demographic processes which are affected by many factors (including external factors), affect all areas of socio-economic development of a country as a whole as well as every region of said country on their own. Due to this the goal of our work is to determine the impact of natural-climatic factors on the demographic situation of a region which has some of the most extreme living conditions in Russian Federation. To assess the dynamics of demographic indicators statistical data along with sociological surveys were used. It has been established that the adverse impact of natural and climatic factors, the crisis of family and marriage relations, a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in mortality and migration leads to a population losses. Therefore the scale of touched on problems as well as their synergetic effect justifies the need to take well-timed managerial decisions to minimize the impact of risks on demographic processes. At the moment it is necessary to develop a mechanism for the implementation of measures aimed at ensuring the reproductive and matrimonial plans, health protection, strengthening the rural population in the territory and improving the quality of life of the population as a whole. The authors connect the perspectives of future research with a more detailed study of factors that affect the marital, birth rate, mortality rate and migration processes and life expectancy

Keywords

• nature-climatic factors
• demographic processes
• natural increase
• fertility
• mortality
• population migration
• marriage rate
• divorce rate
• self-preserving behavior
• Republic of Kalmykia
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Contribution of the authors

Nemgirova S. N. — scientific management, research concept, justification of the purpose of the article, follow-on revision of the text, conclusions. Ulyumdzhieva L. V. — processing and presentation of statistical and empirical data, source materials, writing the draft, conclusions.

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