Sauna relations: The ethnoecological component of nomads ethnic and ethnosocial stratification

10.54398/1818510Х_2023_2_81

Annotation

The change in scientific paradigms and methodological approaches in the study of "nomad" societies increase the relevance of the study of modern processes of ethnic stratification among ethnic groups that have retained traditional economic specialization. The purpose of the study was to identify the mechanism (complex of cause-and-effect relationships) of ethnic stratification among the ethnic groups of mountain ecosystems that retain their traditional economic specialization in the field of cattle breeding. Statistical data of the end of the 19th century, historiographic sources on the subject and author field materials were used. The methodological basis was systemic, process, selective approaches. The research algorithm was determined by a set of developed methods. On the basis of the analysis carried out, an assessment was made of autochthonous ethnic groups traditional system of subsistence as a multi-plane, hierarchically subordinate and balanced ethno-ecosystem, within the boundaries of which the processes of population reproduction were determined by the system reproducible natural resources redistribution. It was revealed that the traditional society social stratification had an undeniable impact on both the land use system and the sources of life support in all social strata. It is noted that in the society of "nomads" production-territorial ties dominated, while maintaining the historical memory of its class structure, as a guarantor of maintaining a relatively high welfare. The mobile livestock species concentration of limited number of families ownership (with a sauna system of relations) determined the idea of the priority right of this social stratum to regulate grazing in separate valley complexes

Keywords

• methodology
• systemic approach
• intra- and inter-ethnic communications
• comparative analysis
• ethnic and ethnosocial stratification
• sauna relations
• Gorny Altai
• autochthonous population
• life support systems
• nature management
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Acknowledgments

The study was carried out within the framework of the State Assignment of Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Monitoring the Ethno-Social Situation in the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation: Methodology and Methods of Information Support for National Policy” (registration number 122032300400-5 FGRW-2021-0014).

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