Formation of theoretical and methodological foundations of cyclic concepts in the political sphere: on the example of the works of scientists of Modern times

10.54398/1818510X_2022_4_48

Annotation

The author of the article examines the formation of theoretical and methodological foundations of cyclic concepts in the political sphere on the example of the works of scientists of Modern times. The dynamic development of relations in society required a scientifically based prediction of their dynamics. This led to the interest of thinkers in cyclical processes. Comparative historical analysis allowed us to consider the genesis of linear and cyclic concepts. The emphasis is placed on the content of theories, which is considered in the context of the dominant worldview of the epoch. The concepts of Modern scientists are ideal models that will allow you to simply describe a complex tactical reality. This makes the theories available for criticism from other thinkers and the basis for further research. The author comes to the conclusion: in the era of Modern times, the linear concept of progress begins to assert itself in the political thought of Europe. Cyclical models have entered into competition with civilizational, stadium and progressive concepts. Models where the political process is viewed as a «spiral of development» are becoming relevant. Its heuristic and prognostic potential was revealed by G. Hegel. A. Tseshkovsky, K. Marx, G. Spencer, E. Dembovsky applied the logic of G. Hegel's critical analysis to study processes in the field of politics and economics. They described the key factors that influence the progressive dynamics of society. This is knowledge, the industrial revolution, the social stratification of society. Conflict is the basis of these scientists' linear models. In Modern times, a socio-cultural concept has been developed. It is also demanded in the XXI century.

Keywords

• cyclicity
• theoretical and methodological foundations
• linear concept
• cyclic concept
• biological concept
• generational change concept
• Marxism
• spiral of development
• prognostics
* click on a keyword to go to the search

References

1. Vortsel, S. O sobstvennosti [About the property]. Antologiya mirovoy filosofii: v 4 tomakh [Anthology of philosophical thought: in 4 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1971. vol. 3, pp. 358–540.
2. Gegel, G. Istoriya filosofii [History of philosophy]. Antologiya mirovoy filosofii: v 4 tomakh [Anthology of philosophical thought: in 4 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1971. vol. 3, pp. 375–393.
3. Gerder, I. G. Idei k filosofii istorii chelovechestva [Ideas for the philosophy of the history of mankind]. Moscow: Nauka; 1977, 704 p.
4. Golbakh, P. A. O svobode [On freedom] Izbrannye proizvedeniya: v 2 tomakh [Selected works: in 2 vol.]. Moscow: Sotsekgiz; 1963. vol. 2, pp. 337–379.
5. Danilevskii, N. Ya. Rossiya i Evropa: vzglyad na kulturnye i politicheskie otnosheniya slavyanskogo mira k germano-romanskomu [Russia and Europe: a look at the cultural and political relations of the Slavic world to the Germanic-Romance]. Moscow: Akademicheskii proekt; 2015, 602 p.
6. Dembovskii, E. Neskolko myslei ob eklektizme [A few thoughts on eclecticism]. Izbrannye proizvedeniya progressivnykh polskikh mysliteley: v 3 tomakh [Selected works: in 3 vol.]. Moscow, Gospolitizdat, 1958. vol. 3, pp. 84–358.
7. Dragunskii, D. V. Dlinnie volni istorii i dinamika politicheskoi vlasti [The long waves of history and the dynamics of political power]. Polis [Polis]. 1992, no 1, pp. 17–22.
8. Istyufeeva, A. V. Ideya istorizma v naturfilosofii F. Shellinga kak ideya aktivnosti poznaniya [The idea of historicism in natural philosophy F. Schelling as the idea of the activity of cognition]. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Orenburg State University]. 2009, no 7, pp. 75–80.
9. Kant, I. Vseobshchaya estestvennaya istoriya i teoriya neba [Universal natural history and the theory of heaven]. Sochineniya: v 6 tomakh [Selected works: in 6 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1963. vol. 1, pp. 115–262.
10. Kant, I. Ideya vseobshchei istorii vo vsemirno-grazhdanskom plane [The idea of universal history in the world-civil plan]. Sochineniya: v 6 tomakh [Selected works: in 6 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1966, vol. 6, pp. 5–25.
11. Limanovskii, B. Stanislav Vrotsel. Zhizneopisanie [Stanislav Wrozel. Description of life]. Krakov: Knizhka; 1910, 474 p.
12. Loginov, A. V. Konceptsii politicheskogo tsikla metodologiya ih izucheniya i nauchnogo primeneniya [Concepts of the political cycle: methodology of their study and scientific application]. Saratov; 2015, 382 p.
13. Marks, K. Teoriya pribavochnoi stoimosti: v 3 tomakh [Theory of surplus value: in 3 vol.]. Moscow: Partizdat; 1936, vol. 1, 226 p.
14. Rozov, N. S. Tsiklichnost rossiiskoy politicheskoy istorii kak bolezn: vozmozhno li vizdorovlenie? [The cyclical Nature of Russian Political History as a disease: is recovery Possible?]. Polis [Polis], 2006, no. 2, pp. 8–28.
15. Saveleva, I. M., Poletaev, A. V. Istoriya i vremya. V poiskakh utrachennogo [History and time. In search of the lost]. Moscow: Yaziki russkoy kulturi; 1997, 800 p.
16. Sebain, D., Torson, T. Istoriya politicheskoi mysli [History of political thought]. Kyiv: Osnovy; 1997, 838 p.
17. Trelch, E. Istorizm i ego problemy. Logicheskaya problema filosofii istorii [Historicism and its problems. The logical problem of the philosophy of history]. Moscow: Yurist; 1994, 720 p.
18. Ukrainka, L. Sobranie proizvedeniy: v 12 tomakh [Selected works: in 12 vol.]. Kyiv: Navuchnaya mysl; 1977, vol. 8, pp. 155–198.
19. Fitkhe, I. G. Uchenie o cheloveke i ob obshchestve [The Doctrine of man and about society] Antologiya mirovoi filosofii: v 4 tomakh [Anthology of philosophical thought: in 4 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1971. vol. 3, pp. 231–243.
20. Fikhte, I. G. Osnovnye cherty sovremennoy epokhi [The main features modern era]. St. Petersburg: D. E. Zhukovskiy; 1906, 133 p.
21. Tseshkovskiy, A. Prolegomeny k istoriosofii [Prolegomena to historiosoph]. Antologiya mirovoi filosofii: v 4 tomakh [Anthology of philosophical thought: in 4 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1971. vol. 3, pp. 423–428.
22. Shelling, F. V. Transtsendentalnyi idealizm kak uchenie o svobode [Transcendental Idealism as a Doctrine of Freedom] Antologiya mirovoi filosofii: v 4 tomakh [Anthology of philosophical thought: in 4 vol.]. Moscow: Mysl; 1971. vol. 3, pp. 265–275.
23. Engels, F. Proiskhozhdenie semi, chastnoy sobstvennosti i gosudarstva (po Morganu) [The origin of the family, private property and the State (by Morgan)]. Petrograd: Luch; 1918, 87 p.
Read more

Popular articles