Formation of artisanal oil production in Chechnya in the 30–80s of the nineteenth century

10.54398/1818510X_2022_4_18

Annotation

The article deals with the origin of artisanal oil production in Chechnya in the 30-80s of the 19th century in the context of the formation of a consolidated labor market after the abolition of serfdom and the technical re-equipment of the industry in the post-reform period. The authors believe that the successful modernization of the oil industry gave impetus to the intensive development of other areas of the Russian economy. The growing domestic industry in the period under review required an increase in oil production and the production of petroleum products, primarily kerosene, as well as the improvement of logistics links for its delivery from the Caucasus to the central industrial regions of the country. Rumors about the possibility of getting rich quick attracted a large number of migrants from other regions to the Caucasian oil fields. Among them were a considerable number of adventurers, lovers of easy money, etc. But in addition to this audience, entrepreneurs, engineers, geologists, skilled workers came to Baku and Grozny, who contributed to the successful implementation of geological exploration and the development of rich oil-bearing areas, the introduction of new equipment, and the commissioning of new enterprises. The authors, as examples of such an entrepreneurial initiative useful for the Grozny oil region, cite the construction of the first oil refinery by the peasant brothers Dubinin, the construction of another oil refinery by I. M. Mirzoev, as well as innovative solutions for the development of kerosene production, which were introduced at Grozny oil refineries Baku engineer Dzhevat Melikov. His initiative became the basis for the rapid development of the oil industry in the Caucasus.

Keywords

• oil
• Grozny
• Chechnya
• artisanal oil production
• oil refinery
• infrastructure
• oil-bearing areas
• industrial oil production
• I. M. Merzoev
• D. Melikov
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Contribution of the authors

Sulumov Z. Kh. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor; Daukaev A. A. – Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Associate Professor; Osmaev M. K. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor.

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