Based on the analysis of scientific literature, archival and other documents, the problem of the beginning of changes in the economic course of the Russian Federation in the context of a sharp aggravation of the geopolitical situation in 2014 and the need to find mechanisms to ensure economic growth is investigated. The study of the transcripts of parliamentary hearings, publications of representatives of government structures, the scientific community and entrepreneurs allowed us to formulate a conclusion about the recognition of the importance of state industrial policy that began at this stage, but at the same time, a sharp polarization of opinions about the role of credit and financial policy. A significant number of experts identified the rejection of an active industrial policy as a major strategic miscalculation, not imagining it possible to build a national innovation system, to implement a systemic modernization of Russia, without restoring the industry. During the discussions, specific proposals were formulated, some of which were not used in the development of new strategic documents. The conclusion is based on the need for active, hard work with the involvement of leading experts, scientists and practitioners in order to determine the most important priorities, optimal mechanisms for implementing a technological breakthrough and ensuring structural adjustment.
