Since the creation of the Soviet state, education has been given priority attention. "Schools for our Soviet youth are an institution in which a person begins to develop from the first days of his conscious activity in order to be a great citizen of the Soviet Union, and we must ensure that schools are given only by the great people of our era and that the Komsomol organizations have an honorable role struggle for improving academic performance." At a certain stage, one of the main tasks in the field of public education was the introduction of universal compulsory seven-year education for children, which was planned to be introduced in stages in the country by the 1937 / 38 school year. This plan was not destined to be implemented within the specified time limits and regulatory documents and information in the press confirms the fact that during the period under study the work on the introduction of the seven-year education in the country, both universal and compulsory, continued. In this article, the main problems and ways to solve them when introducing in the school education compulsory and universal seven-year schooling in 1945-1952 in the Astrakhan region. The dynamics of the growth in the number of schools, the number of pupils, the provision of teaching staff in the schools of the Astrakhan region in the post-war period in the context of the implementation of the "law on universal education" are reflected.
