The increased in recent decades interest in the problems of the Russian childhood, its ideas, boundaries, social concept, perception of a child as a person / as a part of a team, clearly illustrates the possibility of studying new aspects of the relationships between man and the state, the history of the formation of the "new" man as the subject of a number of practices implemented by the state. Considerable attention is paid by Russian scientists to the anthropological understanding of urban culture. In this regard, the study of constructing the socialist outlook of children in the first decades of Soviet government, the analysis of social experience translation and new value systems through a specially organized “child” space of the city is urgent. In the article on cultural and territorial space of the provincial city of 1920-1930th is analysed on Tatar ASSR example, loci are allocated directly endowed with the “childishness”. We consider the position of the child in a social context of the city, determining the structure / constituent elements of children's space, including not children objects, the author emphasizes its ethno-cultural character.
