Article is devoted to the cultural identity of Mongolian peoples. The author proposes to explore the topic in the context of the theory of “non-Western modernity” and discussions about “Asian values”. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the phenomenon of nomadism as a special model of social evolution, as a special economic system of Mongolian peoples. The necessity of the development of new theoretical and methodological approaches to the analysis of the cultural identity of Mongolian peoples from positions of “non-Western modernity”.
