The article deals with the problem of development and implementation of state policy in the sphere of regulation of private property under the NEP and its impact on the relations of property, rights of individual citizens, as well as economic activities of economic life. The author has shown that, in the context of the Bolshevik doctrine, limited access of private property did not receive proper political and legal support and helpful palliative, born a number of problems of an economic, social and political Pan. Nevertheless, the experience of business practices NEP era proves that, despite the serious limitations of private initiative, private interest in these years in Soviet Russia absolutely dominated. In the wider society, especially among the peasantry, dominated the mood of its own economy. Population exhibited a low level of confidence in the public authorities to actively introduce forms, including, for cooperation.
