In this article on the base of empirical material the origin and specific nature of ethnic and confessional relations are examined by the example of the Republic of Dagestan. The author mentions that nowadays in Dagestan reduction of conflict potential is observed as a whole, but new threats and challenges appear. Dagestan society and government must prevent potential and resolve the existent contradiction in the sphere of ethnic and confessional relations. The author analyzed the conflict factors of this process in polyethnic and polyconfessional Dagestan society.
